Request error handling and logging methods of http.Transport in Go language

Request error handling and logging method of http.Transport in Go language

In Go language, http.Transport is an underlying transport mechanism for sending HTTP requests. In practical applications, we often encounter request errors, such as connection failure, timeout, etc. In order to ensure the stability and reliability of the system, we need to properly handle and record these errors.

First, we need to create an instance of the http.RoundTripper interface and use it as the Transport property of http.Client. We can handle request errors through a custom RoundTripper implementation. The following is a simple example:

package main

import (
    "log"
    "net/http"
    "os"
    "time"
)

type CustomTransport struct {
    Transport http.Transport
}

func (c *CustomTransport) RoundTrip(req *http.Request) (*http.Response, error) {
    resp, err := c.Transport.RoundTrip(req)
    if err != nil {
        // 错误处理逻辑
        log.Printf("请求错误: %v", err)
    }
    return resp, err
}

func main() {
    client := &http.Client{
        Transport: &CustomTransport{
            Transport: http.Transport{
                Proxy: http.ProxyFromEnvironment,
                DialContext: (&net.Dialer{
                    Timeout:   30 * time.Second,
                    KeepAlive: 30 * time.Second,
                }).DialContext,
                MaxIdleConns:          100,
                IdleConnTimeout:       90 * time.Second,
                TLSHandshakeTimeout:   10 * time.Second,
                ExpectContinueTimeout: 1 * time.Second,
            },
        },
    }
    resp, err := client.Get("http://example.com")
    if err != nil {
        log.Fatalf("请求错误: %v", err)
    }
    defer resp.Body.Close()
    // 处理响应
}

In the above code, we define a CustomTransport type, which implements the RoundTrip method of the RoundTripper interface. In the RoundTrip method, we first call the RoundTrip method of http.Transport to send the request and capture possible errors. If an error occurs, we can handle it according to the actual situation, such as outputting it to the log or sending an alarm.

It is worth noting that when creating http.Client, we assigned the CustomTransport instance to the Transport property. In this way, all requests sent through the Client will use our custom Transport. This is also the key to our ability to catch request errors.

In addition to handling request errors, we should also log error information. In the above example, we used the log package to output error messages. You can choose an appropriate logging method based on actual needs, such as writing error information to a file, sending it to a remote log service, or using a third-party log library for recording.

To summarize, the request error handling and logging method of http.Transport in Go language includes the following steps:

1. Create a custom Transport that implements the http.RoundTripper interface;
2. Catch the request error in the RoundTrip method of the custom Transport and handle it appropriately;
3. When creating http.Client, assign the custom Transport instance to the Transport attribute;
4. Use logging method to record error information for subsequent analysis and troubleshooting.

Through the above methods, we can effectively handle and record http.Transport request errors in the Go language, improving the reliability and maintainability of the system.

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