How PhpFastCache solves the cache penetration problem

How PhpFastCache solves the cache penetration problem

In the development process of modern web applications, caching is an important technical means to improve performance and reduce database load. However, you will inevitably encounter the problem of cache penetration, that is, requesting cached data that does not exist, resulting in the need to query the database for each request, which increases the burden on the system. PhPFastCache is a popular caching solution. Here is how to use PhPFastCache to solve cache penetration problems.

PhPFastCache is a scalable, in-memory caching solution that can be integrated with a variety of different storage backends, such as files, databases, Redis, etc. We will use the file backend as a demonstration example.

First, we need to install the PhPFastCache library, which can be easily done through Composer. Add dependencies to the composer.json file in the root directory of the project:

{
    "require": {
        "phpfastcache/phpfastcache": "^7.0"
    }
}

and then execute composer install on the command line to install the dependencies.

Next, we need to create a cache instance and configure the cache backend:

<?php

require __DIR__ . '/vendor/autoload.php';

// 创建缓存实例
$cache = new PhpfastcacheCacheManager();

// 配置缓存后端
$driver = new PhpfastcacheDriversFileConfig([
    'path' => '/path/to/cache/directory',
]);

// 设置缓存后端
$cacheManager->setDefaultConfig($driver);

In the above code, /path/to/cache/directory is a Directory to store cache files. We can modify this path according to the actual situation.

Now that we have configured the cache instance and backend, we can use PhPFastCache to solve the cache penetration problem. When a request comes, we first try to get the data from the cache. If the data does not exist, we query the database and cache the query results for subsequent use.

<?php

// 假设$key是来自请求的参数
$key = $_GET['key'];

// 尝试从缓存中获取数据
$result = $cache->getItem($key)->get();

if ($result === null) {
    // 缓存中不存在数据，查询数据库
    $result = queryFromDatabase($key);

    // 将查询结果缓存起来，设置过期时间为1小时
    $cache->getItem($key)->set($result)->expiresAfter(3600);
}

// 输出查询结果
echo $result;

In the above code, queryFromDatabase is a function that queries the database and obtains data based on $key. If the corresponding data does not exist in the cache, query it from the database, store the query results in the cache, and set the expiration time to 1 hour.

Through the above code, we successfully solved the cache penetration problem. When a request comes, we first try to get the data from the cache. If the data does not exist, we query the database and cache the query results, avoiding the problem of needing to query the database for every request.

In short, PhPFastCache is a convenient and easy-to-use caching solution. By configuring a suitable cache backend and combining it with a reasonable caching strategy, it can effectively solve the cache penetration problem and improve the performance and stability of the system.

(Note: The above code is for reference only. It needs to be modified and adjusted according to the specific business logic when used in practice.)

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