How to build web applications using Golang

In the current Internet era, Web applications have become an indispensable part of people's daily lives and are widely used in various application scenarios. Whether it is e-commerce websites, social media, online education platforms, or various SaaS applications, they are all inseparable from web applications. With the continuous updating and iteration of technology, Golang is becoming more and more popular among web application developers. Let's quickly learn how to use Golang to build web applications.

1. Why use Golang?

Golang is a programming language that is efficient, easy to learn and use, and its type checking and garbage collection mechanisms greatly improve its performance and security. In addition, the application of Golang in Web applications also has many advantages:

1. Fast construction: The core design goal of Golang is to build Web applications, and it provides many simple and efficient Libraries and tools that make it possible to quickly build web applications.
2. Strong adaptability: Golang is suitable for both large-scale enterprise-level applications and rapid application development, and combined with technologies such as Cloud and Docker can achieve a high degree of flexibility and scalability.
3. Asynchronous programming: Golang inherently supports asynchronous programming, and its goroutines and channels can easily handle multiple concurrent operations in web applications.
4. High security: Golang’s garbage collection mechanism automates and standardizes the memory management process, thereby improving the security of various web applications.

2. Use Golang to build the basic framework of Web applications

Golang Web application development, combined with the use of MVC (Model-View-Controller) architectural pattern, can generally be adopted The following basic frameworks:

1. Beego: Beego is one of the most popular web development frameworks in Golang. It is based on the MVC design pattern and provides powerful routing, ORM, templates and other tools.
2. Gin: Gin is a lightweight Web framework with the characteristics of high performance, simplicity and ease of use, and easy maintenance. It is widely used in the creation of microservices, APIs, etc.
3. Echo: Echo is another lightweight web framework that also has the characteristics of high performance, simplicity and ease of use, and easy maintenance. It is often used in scenarios such as API construction and high-performance file servers.

Here we take the Beego framework as an example to briefly introduce how to use Golang to build web applications.

3. Use the Beego framework to develop Web applications

1. Set up a development environment

Using the Beego framework to develop Web applications requires the use of the Golang development environment. You can download and install the latest version of the Golang environment through the Golang official website, or you can install it using Golang's third-party tool installation package.

2. Create a new project

In the path specified by Gopath, use the command line to create a new Beego project:

bee new myproj

Execute this After the command, a new myproj directory will be created under src according to the default installation path.

3. Define the database configuration file

Create an app.conf file in conf and define the database configuration as follows:

appname = myproj
httpport = 80 #Specify interface
runmode = dev

dbhost = 127.0.0.1
dbport = 3306
dbuser = root
dbpass = your_password
dbname = myproj

4. Create model

Create model under myproj/models, including specific table structure and methods, taking the User table as an example:

Table structure:

type User struct {

Id         int64
Name       string `orm:"unique"`
Password   string
Created_at time.Time `orm:"auto_now_add;type(datetime)"`
Updated_at time.Time `orm:"auto_now;type(datetime)"`
Deleted_at time.Time `orm:"null;type(datetime)"`

}

Method:

func (m *User) TableName() string {

return "user_table_name"

}

5 .Create controller

In the myproj/controllers folder, you need to create relevant controllers to obtain requests and respond to corresponding content. Take the Users controller as an example:

func (c * UsersController) Get() {

c.TplName = "users/list.tpl"

}

func (c *UsersController) Post() {

name := c.GetString("name")
password := c.GetString("password")

if name != "" && password != "" {
    result, err := models.User.Query(name, password)
    if err == nil {
        c.Redirect("/users/list", 302)
    }
}

c.TplName = "users/login.tpl"

}

6. Create a view

Views are mainly used to display relevant data and information on the front end. Related templates can be created in the myproj/views folder, such as Users/list.tpl and Users/login.tpl, etc.

7. Start related services

After completing the settings of the above steps, you can start the related services through bee run myproj and enter http://localhost:80/ in the browser users can access the web application.

4. Summary

Golang is known as an efficient programming language. Based on its powerful performance and security, with the continuous development of Internet technology, it is gradually becoming a web application developer. preferred language. Building web applications using Golang requires a good development foundation and skilled programming skills. Compared with other languages, the development cost of Golang is relatively low.

This article takes the Beego framework as an example to introduce how to use Golang to build web applications, and briefly introduces the basic use of the Beego framework. In fact, the Beego framework is just one choice among the Golang web development frameworks. For different web application scenarios and project needs, it is very necessary and important to choose different frameworks.

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