Configuration management of Spring Cloud microservices

With the continuous development of technology, microservice architecture has become one of the mainstream trends in modern software development. As an excellent microservice framework, Spring Cloud provides a series of tools and components to help developers quickly build and deploy microservice applications. In the construction process of microservices, configuration management is a crucial link. This article will explore the configuration management of Spring Cloud microservices.

1. Overview of Spring Cloud configuration management

Spring Cloud configuration management refers to the centralized management of the configuration information of microservices, and distributes the configuration information to each microservice instance through certain means. Control the behavior of microservices. Configuration information can include constants in the application, database connections, log levels, the enablement status of a specific operation, etc.

Spring Cloud provides a new way to manage configuration. By storing configuration information in a distributed configuration center, individual microservice instances can easily access the configuration information, thus avoiding the trouble of hardcoding configuration information in code and restarting the application.

2. How to implement Spring Cloud configuration management

Spring Cloud provides two ways to implement configuration management, namely local configuration and remote configuration.

1. Local configuration

Local configuration stores configuration information in local files, which is equivalent to the previous properties files or yml files. Spring Boot provides the concept of a property file, and the configuration information in the property file can be mapped to the properties of the Java class through the @ConfigurationProperties annotation. The advantage of local configuration is that it is simple to operate and does not require server configuration. It is suitable for small applications, development environments, and test environments.

2. Remote configuration

Remote configuration stores configuration information in a distributed configuration center. You can access the configuration center through Restful API to obtain application configuration information. . Spring Cloud provides a component called Spring Cloud Config Server to implement this function. Config Server can store the configuration information of all client applications in Git repository, Subversion repository or local file system, and provides a Restful API for microservice instances to access through HTTP protocol.

3. Use of Spring Cloud Config Server

1. Create a configuration center

Before building a Spring Cloud microservice application, you first need to create a configuration center. The method to create a configuration center is to create a Git repository on a local or remote server and submit the application configuration file to the Git repository. Configuration files can be named in many different ways, such as application.properties, application.yml, etc.

2. Configuring Config Server

After creating the configuration center, the next step is to configure Spring Cloud Config Server. We need to introduce the spring-cloud-config-server dependency package into the application, and configure the Git warehouse address and other information that the Config Server needs to connect to in application.yml or application.properties.

3. Configuring the microservice instance

The last step is to configure the microservice instance. We need to introduce the spring-cloud-starter-config dependency package in each microservice application, and set the application name and Config Server address information in bootstrap.yml or bootstrap.properties. When starting a microservice instance, Config Client will make a request to Config Server to obtain the application's configuration information and update the environment of the microservice application.

4. Summary

Spring Cloud Config Server provides an automated and distributed configuration management method. It allows us to store application configuration information in a centralized location and dynamically update application configuration information as needed. In the application development of microservice architecture, configuration management is a crucial link. Using Spring Cloud Config Server can provide us with an effective and easy-to-use configuration management solution.

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