Django Web Programming: From Beginner to Advanced

Django is one of the commonly used frameworks for Python web development. It not only provides powerful web development functions, but also helps developers quickly build web applications. This article will introduce the relevant knowledge of Django web programming from entry to advanced.

Part 1 Getting Started

1. Installing Django

The installation of Django is very simple. You can use pip to install it. The command is as follows:

pip install django

After the installation is complete, you can use the following command to check whether Django is installed successfully:

django-admin --version

2. Create a Django project

Use the django-admin tool to create a Django project, run The following command:

django-admin startproject mysite

The above command will create a Django project named mysite in the current directory, which contains a default configuration file and a tool named manage.py. It is a command line tool for managing projects.

3. Run the Django project

After completing the project creation, you can use the following command to run the Django project:

python manage.py runserver

Then visit http://127.0 .0.1:8000/ to view Django’s default page.

4. Create a Django application

You can use the following command to create a Django application:

python manage.py startapp main

The above command will create a name in the project directory It is the main application, which contains some template files, views and static files.

5. Configuring the application

To add the application to the Django project, open the settings.py file in the project directory and add the application to INSTALLED_APPS .

Part 2 Basics

1. Template

Django’s template system uses a syntax similar to HTML, which can fill data into the template and generate the final HTML page. Template files are usually saved in the templates subdirectory of the application, and the render function is used in the view function to render the template.

2. View

View is the function that Django uses to process requests. It gets data from the request object and returns response data. It usually uses a routing mechanism similar to Flask. URL mapping.

3. Forms

Django's forms can help us validate and process user input data effectively. To create a form, create a forms.py file in your application and define a form class that inherits from the Django form class.

4. Database

Django supports the use of multiple databases, including MySQL, PostgreSQL, SQLite, etc. To use a database, you need to configure the database in the project's settings.py file, and then define the model class to create the database table.

Part 3 Advanced

1. Middleware

Middleware is an extension mechanism for Django to handle requests. It is located before the view function and can Used to perform additional processing such as authentication, caching, etc.

2. Login Authentication

Django's login authentication system provides complete user authentication functions, including user registration, login, logout, and password reset.

3. RESTful API

Django REST framework is an excellent library for building RESTful APIs in Django. It provides functions such as serialization, verification, parsing and rendering, allowing developers to Create Web APIs more easily.

4. Testing

Django provides a complete unit testing tool that can help developers quickly test the correctness of the code and ensure the stability of the code.

Summary

This article introduces the basic and advanced knowledge of Django Web programming, including Django installation, creating projects and applications, templates, views, forms, databases, middleware, and login authentication , RESTful API and unit testing, etc. I hope that through this article, I can gain a deeper understanding of Django Web programming and apply it in actual development.

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