ORM in Beego - using Xorm to make database operations easier

Beego is an open source Go language Web framework that provides many convenient tools and libraries to accelerate Web development. Among them, the ORM (Object Relational Mapping) library is a very important component, which allows developers to perform data operations more easily. In Beego, Xorm is an ORM-based database operation library, which is very simple and efficient to use. This article will introduce how to use Xorm to operate the database.

1. Introduction to Xorm

Xorm is an ORM library based on Go language, similar to Java's Hibernate or MyBatis. It supports multiple relational databases, including MySQL, PostgreSQL, SQLite, etc. Unlike other Go language ORM libraries, Xorm uses a reflection mechanism to map the relationship between objects and tables, making it more flexible and convenient.

2. Install Xorm

Before using Xorm, we need to install it first. You can use Go's command line tool to install Xorm:

go get xorm.io/xorm

3. Configure Xorm

Using Xorm in Beego is very simple. You only need to specify the database type, database address, user name and Password and other information are sufficient:

# 配置数据库类型
db_driver = mysql
# 配置数据库地址
db_address = root:password@/testdb?charset=utf8
# 配置数据库最大闲置连接数
db_max_idle_conn = 10
# 配置数据库最大连接数
db_max_open_conn = 100

4. Operation of the database

1. Define the structure

The first step to use Xorm to operate the database is to define the database table structure in the structure, and use tag tags to identify the mapping relationship between the structure and the database table. For example, we have a data table named user with the following structure:

CREATE TABLE `user` (
  `id` int(11) NOT NULL AUTO_INCREMENT,
  `name` varchar(255) NOT NULL,
  `email` varchar(255) NOT NULL,
  `age` int(11) NOT NULL,
  PRIMARY KEY (`id`)
) ENGINE=InnoDB DEFAULT CHARSET=utf8;

Then the structure we define will be:

type User struct {
    Id    int    `xorm:"pk autoincr"`
    Name  string `xorm:"varchar(255) notnull"`
    Email string `xorm:"varchar(255) notnull"`
    Age   int    `xorm:"int(11) notnull"`
}

2. Create Engine

Before operating the database, we need to create a Xorm engine first. The engine is the bridge between Xorm and the database. We use it to perform various database operations, such as inserts, queries, updates, and deletes. The way to create an engine is as follows:

import (
    "xorm.io/xorm"
    "github.com/astaxie/beego"
)

var (
    engine *xorm.Engine
)

func init() {
    dbDriver := beego.AppConfig.String("db_driver")
    dbAddress := beego.AppConfig.String("db_address")
    engine, err = xorm.NewEngine(dbDriver, dbAddress)
    if err != nil {
        beego.Error(err)
    }

    // 配置连接池
    maxIdleConn := beego.AppConfig.DefaultInt("db_max_idle_conn", 10)
    maxOpenConn := beego.AppConfig.DefaultInt("db_max_open_conn", 100)
    engine.SetMaxIdleConns(maxIdleConn)
    engine.SetMaxOpenConns(maxOpenConn)
}

3. Insert data

Inserting data using Xorm is very simple, just create a structure object and assign a value, and then use engine .Insert() function is enough:

func insertUser(user *User) error {
    _, err := engine.Insert(user)
    if err != nil {
        beego.Error(err)
        return err
    }
    return nil
}

4. Query data

It is also very convenient to use Xorm to query data. You can use functions such as engine.Where() and engine.And() to specify query conditions, and you can also use engine.OrderBy() to specify the sorting method. . Query results can be processed using functions such as Find(), Get() and Iterate():

func getUserByName(name string) (*User, error) {
    user := &User{}
    _, err := engine.Where("name = ?", name).Get(user)
    if err != nil {
        beego.Error(err)
        return nil, err
    }
    return user, nil
}

func getAllUsers() ([]*User, error) {
    users := make([]*User, 0)
    err := engine.Find(&users)
    if err != nil {
        beego.Error(err)
        return nil, err
    }
    return users, nil
}

5. Update data

Updating data using Xorm is also very simple. Just create a structure object and assign a value, and then use engine.Id() and engine.Update()Function is enough:

func updateUser(user *User) error {
    _, err := engine.Id(user.Id).Update(user)
    if err != nil {
        beego.Error(err)
        return err
    }
    return nil
}

6. Delete data

It is also easy to delete data using Xorm. You can use the engine.Id() and engine.Delete() functions to specify the data to be deleted:

func deleteUser(id int) error {
    _, err := engine.Id(id).Delete(&User{})
    if err != nil {
        beego.Error(err)
        return err
    }
    return nil
}

5. Summary

Xorm is A very convenient and easy-to-use Go language ORM library. It uses a reflection mechanism to map the relationship between objects and database tables, so that developers do not have to manually write SQL statements, making database operations easier and more efficient. Using Xorm in Beego is very simple. Just configure the database information and follow the above process.

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