ORM in Yii framework: Simplifying database operations

The Yii framework is a fast, efficient, and secure PHP development framework. Relying on a rich set of tools and components, the Yii framework can help developers build high-quality Web applications more easily. Among them, ORM (Object Relational Mapping) is one of the features of Yii framework. This article will briefly introduce the ORM in the Yii framework and explain how it simplifies database operations.

1. What is ORM
ORM refers to object-relational mapping, which maps objects in object-oriented programming languages ​​to tables in relational databases, allowing developers to directly use object-oriented way to manipulate data in the database without writing complex SQL statements. ORM frameworks are used in many programming languages ​​and development frameworks, such as Java's Hibernate and .NET's Entity Framework.

2. ORM in Yii framework
Yii framework has a built-in simple and easy-to-use ORM framework-ActiveRecord. ActiveRecord is a schema design pattern that maps a domain model class to a relational database table one-to-one. ActiveRecord in Yii inherits from PHP's PDO (PHP Data Object) and provides many functions, such as accessing data, saving data, validating data, querying data, etc.

3. How to use ORM

1. Define model class
   In the Yii framework, creating a model class is the first step in using ORM. The model class represents a data table or a group of data tables, and the ORM binds the model class and the data table together. Creating a model class is very simple. You only need to create a class that inherits from ActiveRecord in the Yii framework and name it the same as the data table.
2. Query data
   Using ORM you can easily query data in the database. The Yii framework provides various methods to query data, such as find(), findAll(), findBySql(), count(), etc. Using these methods, you can easily obtain data from the database without writing handwritten query statements.
3. Add data
   In the Yii framework, adding data is also very simple. Just set the properties on an instance of the model class and call the save() method to save it. The ORM will generate the correct SQL statements and save the data to the database.
4. Update data
   Updating data is similar to adding data. You only need to find the data record to be updated, modify it to a new value, and then call the save() method.

5. Deleting data
Deleting data in Yii uses the delete() method of the model class instead of the handwritten DELETE statement. Just specify the records you want to delete, and the ORM will generate the corresponding SQL statement and delete the data from the database.

4. Advantages of ORM
ORM has many advantages, the biggest of which is simplifying database operations. ORM allows developers to directly manipulate data in an object-oriented manner without writing complex SQL statements. ORM can also help developers avoid security issues such as SQL injection. In addition, ORM can improve code reusability, reduce development time and cost, and follow standard design patterns.

5. Conclusion
ORM is an important part of the Yii framework. It provides a fast, efficient and secure method to access relational databases. By using the ORM in the Yii framework, developers can easily complete data operations without writing complex SQL statements. While an ORM is not a silver bullet to solve all problems, it is a reliable way to simplify database operations.

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