Combined with MySQL distributed practice, use Swoole to build a highly available distributed cache system

In today's era of rapid development of the Internet, the amount of data is growing faster and faster. In high-concurrency environments, in order to ensure system performance and response speed, the use of caching systems has become more and more common. For large websites or applications, using single-machine caching is not safe and reliable enough, and distributed caching is becoming the choice of more and more enterprises and Internet companies.

This article will combine MySQL distributed practice and introduce how to use Swoole to build a highly available distributed cache system. First, let’s take a look at MySQL’s distribution.

MySQL distributed architecture

MySQL distributed refers to splitting a complete MySQL database into multiple parts and storing them on different physical servers to achieve distributed storage and Query operations. MySQL distributed architecture mainly has the following methods:

1. Vertical sharding

Vertical sharding is to place different tables or data on different servers, such as The user table, order table, product table, etc. exist on different servers.

2. Horizontal sharding

Horizontal sharding is to store different data rows of the same table on different servers, for example, sharding based on user ID.

3. Master-slave replication

Master-slave replication refers to synchronizing data from one master database to multiple slave databases. Reading operations can be performed from the slave databases. Write operations are performed from the main library.

4. Master-master replication

Master-master replication refers to synchronizing the data of two or more master databases with each other to achieve separation of reading and writing.

The above four methods can all implement MySQL's distributed architecture, but their implementation difficulty and complexity vary.

Application scenarios of Swoole

Swoole is an asynchronous network communication framework in the PHP language, which can easily achieve high concurrency, high performance and high reliability network communication. Different from traditional PHP programs, Swoole runs in a PHP extension. The extension module is written in C language and integrates event-driven, asynchronous IO, coroutine and other functions.

Swoole has a wide range of application scenarios, mainly including the following aspects:

1. Asynchronous non-blocking network communication

Swoole can implement asynchronous non-blocking networks Communication can be used in scenarios such as high-concurrency network request processing and message processing.

2. WebSocket Server Development

Swoole can support the development of WebSocket protocol, has the characteristics of high concurrency and high performance, and can be used to implement online chat, live broadcast, games and other scenarios.

3. High-concurrency RPC framework

Swoole provides a high-performance RPC remote calling mechanism that can be used to implement distributed application calls and data interaction.

4. High reliability distributed cache system

Swoole can realize the development of high concurrency and high performance distributed cache system through coroutines and asynchronous IO, improving the performance of the system. and reliability.

Use Swoole to build a distributed cache system

We combine the distributed architecture of MySQL and the application scenarios of Swoole to introduce how to use Swoole to build a highly available distributed cache system.

1. Building a server cluster

First, you need to build a server cluster to distribute and store cache data on different servers. We can use MySQL master-slave replication or master-master replication to achieve synchronous storage of data.

2. Write Swoole server program

On each server, you need to write a Swoole server program to listen to client requests and perform data reading and writing operations. .

In the Swoole server program, coroutines and asynchronous IO technology need to be used to achieve high concurrency and high performance data operations. For example, when the client requests to read data, you can use coroutines to read data concurrently, and use asynchronous IO to return data.

3. Writing client program

In the client program, you need to connect to the corresponding Swoole server program and perform data reading and writing operations. The client can use HTTP protocol or RPC remote calling method to request and return data.

4. Implement caching strategy

In the distributed cache system, it is necessary to formulate corresponding caching strategies according to the application scenarios and access frequency of the data to improve the access speed and Write performance. For example, technologies such as cache preheating and cache penetration can be adopted to improve the efficiency and stability of the cache system.

Summary

Distributed caching systems have become an indispensable part of modern Internet applications. Swoole, as an asynchronous network communication framework in the PHP language, can realize the development of distributed cache systems with high concurrency, high performance and high reliability. By combining the MySQL distributed architecture and Swoole application scenarios, we can implement a highly available distributed cache system and improve the performance and reliability of the system.

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