PHP outputs web page with garbled characters

During the process of website development, you may encounter the problem of garbled characters when outputting web pages. This problem is usually caused by inconsistent encoding formats or encoding errors. This article will introduce some common solutions.

1. Confirm the source code encoding format

When you start to troubleshoot the problem, you first need to confirm whether the source code encoding format is correct. In an editor that supports multiple encoding formats, sometimes we may accidentally set the encoding format incorrectly. This can easily cause the output web page to be garbled.

For PHP pages, you can set the encoding format in the header of the page:

header("Content-type:text/html;charset=utf-8");

The above code will set the encoding format of the page to utf-8 format. The encoding format can also be changed according to actual needs.

2. Confirm the database encoding format

If the data in the web page comes from the database, then we also need to confirm whether the encoding format of the database is correct. Similarly, in a database with multiple encoding formats, if the encoding format is set incorrectly, the output content will also be garbled.

We can query the encoding format of the current database by executing the following SQL command:

show variables like '%char%';

Find character_set_database in the output result to check whether the encoding format of the current database is correct.

If the database encoding format is wrong, we can execute the following SQL command to modify it:

ALTER DATABASE <database_name> CHARACTER SET utf8;

The above code replaces <database_name> with the actual database name, and the database The encoding format is changed to UTF-8 unified format.

3. Confirm the web server configuration

In addition to the source code and database encoding format, the configuration of the web server may also cause the problem of garbled output, especially the Apache server.

If using the Apache server, we can add the following statement in the httpd.conf configuration file:

AddDefaultCharset utf-8

The above code will set the default encoding format of the Apache server to utf- 8.

If using Nginx server, we can add the following statement in the configuration file:

http {
    charset utf-8;
    ...
}

The above code will set the default encoding format of Nginx server to utf-8.

These common solutions can usually eliminate the problem of garbled web page output. It should be noted that the solutions may be different in different environments, and we need to choose the appropriate method according to the actual situation.

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