How to carry out WEB security development in PHP7.0?

With the development of the Internet, network security issues have attracted more and more attention. Especially with the increase in web applications, cyber attacks are also increasing. However, we can ensure the security of web applications through some technical means, and this article will introduce how to carry out WEB security development in PHP7.0.

1. Data filtering and validation

When developing web applications, data filtering and validation is always an issue that must be considered. Whether the user interacts via form submission or through URL parameters, etc., we should filter and validate the data. PHP7.0 provides a large number of filtering and validation functions that can help us easily verify and process data. For example:

$user_name = filter_input(INPUT_POST, 'username', FILTER_SANITIZE_STRING);
if (empty($user_name)) {
    echo '请输入用户名';
} else {
    // 进行后续处理
}

2. Prevent XSS attacks

XSS attack is a cross-site scripting attack. The attacker injects malicious scripts into the web application to obtain the user's sensitive information. information. In order to avoid XSS attacks, we can escape the user-entered data before outputting it, or use the htmlspecialchars function in PHP7.0 for processing. For example:

$user_input = '<script>alert("XSS攻击")</script>';
echo htmlspecialchars($user_input, ENT_QUOTES, 'UTF-8');

3. Avoid SQL Injection Attacks

SQL injection attacks are a way of exploiting vulnerabilities in SQL code in web applications. Attackers inject malicious code into web applications to obtain sensitive information or perform destructive operations. In order to avoid SQL injection attacks, we should use PDO and parameterized queries in PHP7.0 to ensure data security. For example:

// 建立 PDO 连接
$dsn = 'mysql:dbname=testdb;host=127.0.0.1';
$user = 'testuser';
$password = 'testpass';
$dbh = new PDO($dsn, $user, $password);

// 准备 SQL 语句，使用参数占位符
$stmt = $dbh->prepare('SELECT * FROM user WHERE username = :username');

// 绑定参数并执行查询
$username = 'testuser';
$stmt->bindParam(':username', $username);
$stmt->execute();

4. Enhancing password security

Password security is an important issue in web applications. In order to ensure the security of user passwords, we should use the password hash functions in PHP7.0, such as password_hash and password_verify, to encrypt and compare user passwords. For example:

// 加密用户密码并存储
$user_password = 'testpass';
$hashed_password = password_hash($user_password, PASSWORD_DEFAULT);
// 存储 $hashed_password 到数据库中

// 验证用户登录密码
$user_input_password = 'testpass';
$hashed_password_from_db = '...'; // 从数据库中读取哈希密码
if (password_verify($user_input_password, $hashed_password_from_db)) {
    echo '密码验证通过';
} else {
    echo '密码验证失败';
}

5. Using HTTPS

HTTPS can help us encrypt data transmission in web applications to avoid data being stolen or tampered with by middlemen. PHP7.0 provides a large number of encryption functions through the openssl extension, which can help us implement HTTPS. For example:

// 开始加密传输
$ctx = stream_context_create(['ssl' => [
    'verify_peer' => false,
    'verify_peer_name' => false,
    'allow_self_signed' => true, // 如果是自签名证书，则允许使用
]]);
$fp = stream_socket_client("ssl://www.example.com:443", $errno, $errstr, 30, STREAM_CLIENT_CONNECT, $ctx);

// 发送 HTTPS 请求
$out = "GET / HTTP/1.1
";
$out .= "Host: www.example.com
";
$out .= "Connection: Close

";
fwrite($fp, $out);

// 读取 HTTPS 返回数据
while (!feof($fp)) {
    echo fgets($fp, 128);
}
fclose($fp);

Summary:

The above are some basic methods for WEB security development in PHP7.0. Of course, doing good web security doesn't stop with these methods. We should also pay attention to issues such as the architectural design of web applications, system security vulnerabilities, and common attack methods, and continuously improve and strengthen web security protection.

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