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How to implement merge sort in Java

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Release: 2023-05-18 19:29:06
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Implementation code

import java.lang.reflect.Array;
import java.util.*;
 
public class MergeSort{
 
    // 我们的算法类不允许产生任何实例
    private MergeSort(){}
 
    // 将arr[l...mid]和arr[mid+1...r]两部分进行归并
    private static void merge(Comparable[] arr, int l, int mid, int r) {
 
        Comparable[] aux = Arrays.copyOfRange(arr, l, r+1);
 
        // 初始化,i指向左半部分的起始索引位置l;j指向右半部分起始索引位置mid+1
        int i = l, j = mid+1;
        for( int k = l ; k <= r; k ++ ){
 
            if( i > mid ){  // 如果左半部分元素已经全部处理完毕
                arr[k] = aux[j-l]; j ++;
            }
            else if( j > r ){   // 如果右半部分元素已经全部处理完毕
                arr[k] = aux[i-l]; i ++;
            }
            else if( aux[i-l].compareTo(aux[j-l]) < 0 ){  // 左半部分所指元素 < 右半部分所指元素
                arr[k] = aux[i-l]; i ++;
            }
            else{  // 左半部分所指元素 >= 右半部分所指元素
                arr[k] = aux[j-l]; j ++;
            }
        }
    }
 
    // 递归使用归并排序,对arr[l...r]的范围进行排序
    private static void sort(Comparable[] arr, int l, int r, int depth) {
 
        System.out.print(repeatCharacters(&#39;-&#39;, depth*2));
        System.out.println("Deal with [ " + l + " , " + r + " ]");
 
        if (l >= r)
            return;
 
        int mid = (l+r)/2;
        sort(arr, l, mid, depth + 1);
        sort(arr, mid + 1, r, depth + 1);
        merge(arr, l, mid, r);
    }
 
    private static String repeatCharacters(char character, int length){
        StringBuilder s = new StringBuilder(length);
        for(int i = 0 ; i < length ; i ++)
            s.append(character);
        return s.toString();
    }
 
    public static void sort(Comparable[] arr){
 
        int n = arr.length;
        sort(arr, 0, n-1, 0);
    }
 
    // 测试MergeSort
    public static void main(String[] args) {
 
        // Merge Sort是我们学习的第一个O(nlogn)复杂度的算法
        // 可以在1秒之内轻松处理100万数量级的数据
        // 注意:不要轻易尝试使用SelectionSort, InsertionSort或者BubbleSort处理100万级的数据
        // 否则,你就见识了O(n^2)的算法和O(nlogn)算法的本质差异:)
//        int N = 1000000;
//        Integer[] arr = SortTestHelper.generateRandomArray(N, 0, 100000);
//        SortTestHelper.testSort("bobo.algo.MergeSort", arr);
 
        Integer[] arr = new Integer[8];
        for(int i = 0 ; i < 8 ; i ++)
        {
            arr[i] = new Integer(8-i);
//            arr[i] = 8 -i;
        }
 
//        arr = SortTestHelper.generateRandomArray(50, 1, 50);
 
        MergeSort.sort(arr);
 
        return;
    }
}
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import java.lang.reflect.Method;
import java.lang.Class;
import java.util.Random;
 
public class SortTestHelper {
 
    // SortTestHelper不允许产生任何实例
    private SortTestHelper(){}
 
    // 生成有n个元素的随机数组,每个元素的随机范围为[rangeL, rangeR]
    public static Integer[] generateRandomArray(int n, int rangeL, int rangeR) {
 
        assert rangeL <= rangeR;
 
        Integer[] arr = new Integer[n];
 
        for (int i = 0; i < n; i++)
            arr[i] = new Integer((int)(Math.random() * (rangeR - rangeL + 1) + rangeL));
        return arr;
    }
 
    // 生成一个近乎有序的数组
    // 首先生成一个含有[0...n-1]的完全有序数组, 之后随机交换swapTimes对数据
    // swapTimes定义了数组的无序程度:
    // swapTimes == 0 时, 数组完全有序
    // swapTimes 越大, 数组越趋向于无序
    public static Integer[] generateNearlyOrderedArray(int n, int swapTimes){
 
        Integer[] arr = new Integer[n];
        for( int i = 0 ; i < n ; i ++ )
            arr[i] = new Integer(i);
 
        for( int i = 0 ; i < swapTimes ; i ++ ){
            int a = (int)(Math.random() * n);
            int b = (int)(Math.random() * n);
            int t = arr[a];
            arr[a] = arr[b];
            arr[b] = t;
        }
 
        return arr;
    }
 
    // 打印arr数组的所有内容
    public static void printArray(Object[] arr) {
 
        for (int i = 0; i < arr.length; i++){
            System.out.print( arr[i] );
            System.out.print( &#39; &#39; );
        }
        System.out.println();
 
        return;
    }
 
    // 判断arr数组是否有序
    public static boolean isSorted(Comparable[] arr){
 
        for( int i = 0 ; i < arr.length - 1 ; i ++ )
            if( arr[i].compareTo(arr[i+1]) > 0 )
                return false;
        return true;
    }
 
    // 测试sortClassName所对应的排序算法排序arr数组所得到结果的正确性和算法运行时间
    public static void testSort(String sortClassName, Comparable[] arr){
 
        // 通过Java的反射机制,通过排序的类名,运行排序函数
        try{
            // 通过sortClassName获得排序函数的Class对象
            Class sortClass = Class.forName(sortClassName);
            // 通过排序函数的Class对象获得排序方法
            Method sortMethod = sortClass.getMethod("sort",new Class[]{Comparable[].class});
            // 排序参数只有一个,是可比较数组arr
            Object[] params = new Object[]{arr};
 
            long startTime = System.currentTimeMillis();
            // 调用排序函数
            sortMethod.invoke(null,params);
            long endTime = System.currentTimeMillis();
 
            assert isSorted( arr );
 
            System.out.println( sortClass.getSimpleName()+ " : " + (endTime-startTime) + "ms" );
        }
        catch(Exception e){
            e.printStackTrace();
        }
    }
}
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Implementation effect

How to implement merge sort in Java

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