How to improve MySQL performance through PHP configuration

MySQL is one of the most widely used database servers currently, and PHP, as a popular server-side programming language, its applications usually interact with MySQL. Under high load conditions, MySQL performance will be greatly affected. At this time, PHP configuration needs to be adjusted to improve MySQL performance and thereby improve the response speed of the application. This article will introduce how to improve MySQL performance through PHP configuration.

1. Configure PHP.ini

First you need to open the PHP configuration file (PHP.ini), so that you can change the default configuration of PHP. You can use the command php --ini or the phpinfo() function to view the location of the PHP.ini file. Modify the following parameters:

(1) memory_limit

This parameter defines the maximum amount of memory used by a single PHP process, corresponding to the memory usage of MySQL's query cache and PHP execution program. If the application performs queries or responds to requests with large data volumes, memory_limit can be set to a larger value (usually greater than 128MB).

(2) max_execution_time

This parameter defines the maximum value of PHP script execution time. For PHP scripts with long execution time (such as queries that process large amounts of data), max_execution_time can be appropriately increased. value.

(3) post_max_size and upload_max_filesize

These two parameters limit the maximum amount of data sent by the POST request (including uploaded files), and their default value is 2MB. If the application needs to process large amounts of POST request data, the values ​​of these two parameters need to be appropriately increased.

2. Configuring MySQL

In addition to the PHP.ini configuration file, you can also optimize MySQL performance by configuring the MySQL server. The following are some optimization suggestions:

(1) Adjust the MySQL cache pool

MySQL has multi-level cache, including query cache, table cache and buffer pool, etc., which can be improved by adjusting the cache pool parameters MySQL performance. The following are some cache parameters that need to be adjusted:

• query_cache_size: Defines the size of the query cache to determine which queries can use the cache. Its value should be appropriately larger than the total number of queries sent by the application.
• table_cache: Defines the size of the table cache to determine how many tables can be processed using the cache. It needs to be used with the SHOW TABLE STATUS command to determine the actual required table_cache size.
• innodb_buffer_pool_size: Defines the size of the InnoDB cache pool. InnoDB is the default storage engine of MySQL and is suitable for a large number of concurrent read and write accesses. In order to obtain higher performance, innodb_buffer_pool_size needs to be adjusted appropriately.

(2) Clean MySQL logs regularly

MySQL has multiple log types, including binary logs, error logs, query logs, etc. These log files will occupy disk space. These log files need to be cleaned regularly to free up disk space.

(3) Optimize database table structure

For large applications, the table structure in the database can be reasonably designed to minimize the number of JOINs during query, which will directly affect MySQL performance.

3. Use MySQL Expert Tools

In addition to manually adjusting PHP and MySQL configuration parameters, you can also use MySQL Expert Tools to automatically analyze and optimize the performance of the MySQL database. Common tools include PHPMyAdmin, MySQLTuner and Percona Toolkit, etc. Through these tools, you can quickly identify the causes of MySQL performance degradation and provide optimization methods.

4. Conclusion

By properly configuring and adjusting PHP and MySQL, the performance and response speed of the application can be greatly improved. At the same time, the configuration of applications and databases and servers needs to be regularly reviewed and reasonable optimization measures implemented to adapt to higher loads and meet user needs.

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