How to cache static pages in laravel

Laravel is one of the most widely used frameworks by PHP developers. It has powerful functions and flexible configuration. When we build a Laravel based application, sometimes we need to cache some static pages to improve the performance of the website.

In this article, we will demonstrate how to use Laravel's caching feature to cache static pages, thereby improving application performance and response time. We will try to accomplish this task in two steps: first, we will configure Laravel's cache driver, and then we will create a middleware to cache static pages.

1. Configure cache driver

Laravel supports a variety of cache drivers, such as Redis, Memcached, APC and file cache. We can choose the cache driver that suits us based on the specific situation. In this example, we will use the file cache driver to cache static pages.

First, in the config/cache.php configuration file, we need to change the default cache driver to the file cache driver. The code is as follows:

'default' => env('CACHE_DRIVER', 'file'),

Next, in the config/cache In the .php configuration file, we need to specify the storage path of the cache file. The code is as follows:

'path' => storage_path('framework/cache/data'),

Now that we have configured Laravel’s cache driver, we can start building a middleware to cache static pages.

2. Create middleware for caching pages

In Laravel, middleware is an important part of processing HTTP requests. We can use middleware to filter requests, add header information, set cookies, and more. In this example, we will create a middleware to cache static pages.

First, we need to create a middleware called "CachePage" for caching static pages. We can use the following command to generate new middleware:

php artisan make:middleware CachePage

When we run the above command, Laravel will automatically create a file named "CachePage.php" and place it in the app/Http/Middleware directory middle. Open the file and add the following code in the handle method:

public function handle($request, Closure $next)
{
    // 检查此请求是否可以缓存
    if (! $this->shouldCache($request)) {
        return $next($request);
    }

    // 获取此请求的缓存键
    $key = $this->getCacheKey($request);

    // 尝试从缓存中获取此请求的页面
    if (Cache::has($key)) {
        return response(Cache::get($key));
    }

    // 如果没有从缓存中获取到，那么就处理请求并将结果缓存下来
    $response = $next($request);
    if ($this->shouldCacheResponse($response)) {
        Cache::put($key, $response->getContent(), $this->getCacheLifetime());
    }

    return $response;
}

// 检查此请求是否可以缓存
protected function shouldCache($request)
{
    if (!$request->isMethod('get')) {
        return false;
    }

    if ($request->query->count()) {
        return false;
    }

    if (auth()->check()) {
        return false;
    }

    if (config('app.env') === 'local') {
        return false;
    }

    return true;
}

// 获取此请求的缓存键
protected function getCacheKey($request)
{
    return 'cache:' . $request->url();
}

// 检查此请求的响应是否可以缓存
protected function shouldCacheResponse($response)
{
    return $response->status() === 200;
}

// 获取页面缓存的生存时间
protected function getCacheLifetime()
{
    return config('cache.page_cache_lifetime');
}

Now, let us explain the above code step by step:

• We first check if this request can be cached. We only need to cache GET requests, requests without any query parameters, unauthenticated requests and requests in non-local environments.
• If we determine that this request can be cached, we obtain the cache key. In this example, we use the requested URL as the cache key.
• Then we try to get this page from the cache. If we can get the page from cache, return it and abort other processes.
• If the page cannot be obtained from the cache, process the request and cache the result. Finally, the processing results are returned.

Now, register this middleware in the Kernel.php file. We add its registration code to the $routeMiddleware array, the code is as follows:

'cache.page' => \App\Http\Middleware\CachePage::class,

Now, whenever our application processes a route that matches the CachePage middleware, the middleware will cache the processing results, and store it in the file system. When the next request comes, the middleware will retrieve the page from the cache and return the results quickly.

Summary

In this article, we showed how to use Laravel’s caching functionality to cache static pages. We first configured Laravel's cache driver and then created a middleware to cache static pages. Throughout the process, we focus on some best practices and real-world use cases to show you how to optimize your application to ensure its optimal performance and response time.

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