Let's talk about the garbled code problem in the communication between Python and MySQL

MySQL is a very popular open source database that is widely used, and Python, as an efficient programming language, is often used to write code that interacts with MySQL. However, when using Python to interact with MySQL, we often encounter the problem of garbled characters. This article will discuss this problem and its solution.

1. Causes of garbled characters

When using Python to interact with MySQL, the data often needs to be encoded and decoded. If there is a problem during the encoding and decoding process, garbled characters will result. Listed below are some causes of garbled characters:

(1) The MySQL database, data table or data column uses the wrong character set.

(2) The character set used in the Python program does not match the character set of the MySQL database.

(3) The wrong encoding format or method is used in the Python program.

(4) The data format sent in the Python program is inconsistent with the data format of the MySQL database.

(5) The version of the MySQL database is too old.

2. Solution

(1) Check the MySQL database configuration

In the MySQL database, you can use the following command to query the settings of the current character set, and Character set settings for specific tables or columns:

SHOW VARIABLES LIKE 'character_set%';
SHOW VARIABLES LIKE 'collation%';
SHOW FULL COLUMNS FROM table_name;

If you find that the MySQL database, data table, or data column uses the wrong character set, you can fix it by modifying the configuration file and modifying the table structure.

(2) Check the Python program character set

The character set used in the Python program should match the character set of the MySQL database, otherwise garbled characters will be generated. You can use the following code to check the character set encoding of a Python program:

import sys  
sys.getdefaultencoding()

In Python 3, the default character set is UTF-8, which can be modified using the following code:

import sys  
reload(sys)  
sys.setdefaultencoding('utf-8')

In Python 2, The default character set is ASCII and needs to be modified manually. The modification method is as follows:

# -*- coding: utf-8 -*-
import sys  
reload(sys)  
sys.setdefaultencoding('utf-8')

(3) Check the encoding format and method

In Python programs, the encode() and decode() methods are often used for encoding and decoding. If you use the wrong encoding format or method, garbled characters will be produced. When using the encode() and decode() methods, it is recommended to specify the encoding format explicitly. For example:

str.encode('utf-8')
str.decode('utf-8')

(4) Check the data format

In the Python program, the data sent to the MySQL database should be consistent with the data format of the MySQL database, otherwise garbled characters will be generated. It is recommended to specify the data type when sending data, for example:

cursor.execute("INSERT INTO table_name(column1, column2) VALUES (%s, %s)", (value1, value2))

(5) Check the MySQL database version

If the MySQL database version used is too old, garbled characters will occur. It is recommended to upgrade to the latest MySQL database version and install the MySQL Connector/Python driver.

3. Summary

In the interaction process between Python and MySQL, the problem of garbled characters is a frequently encountered problem. This issue can be resolved by checking the MySQL database configuration, Python program character set, encoding format and method, data format, and MySQL database version. I hope this article can help readers better understand and solve the garbled problem in the interaction between Python and MySQL.

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