Detailed explanation of how to perform Json conversion in Go language

In recent years, with the rapid development of cutting-edge technologies such as cloud computing, big data, and artificial intelligence, computer programming languages ​​have also been continuously improved and updated. As a programming language developed by Google, Go language (Golang) has received more and more widespread attention and application because of its simplicity, readability, efficiency, and ability to fully utilize multi-core CPUs. In the Go language, processing Json data is a very common task. So, how to convert Json in Go language? Detailed answers will be provided below.

First of all, you need to understand the JSON processing library in golang. It provides two methods, encode and decode, which are used to complete the encoding and decoding of Json data respectively. The main thing we need to master is the use of the decode method.

In golang's standard library encoding/json, a function called Unmarshal() is provided. The function prototype is as follows

func Unmarshal(data []byte, v interface{}) error

Parameter description:

• data []byte: JSON data to be decoded;
• v interface{}: Use member variables in the structure type The name is mapped to the key in JSON to connect the JSON data. Usually, the structure passed in by this parameter is specially processed by giving certain keys in JSON;

The following is an example to illustrate the specific usage:

Suppose there is a Web API that can provide a JSON data to the client. The JSON data contains a string key-value pair "name":"Wade ", an integer key-value pair "age":33, and a floating-point key-value pair "score":98.5. Now we need to decode this JSON data and store it in a structure variable.

The definition structure is as follows:

type Player struct {
    Name  string  `json:"name"`
    Age   int     `json:"age"`
    Score float64 `json:"score"`
}

Decoding JSON data in the main() function can be completed with one line of code:

func main() {
    jsonStr := `{"name":"Wade","age":33,"score":98.5}`
    var player Player
    json.Unmarshal([]byte(jsonStr), &player)
    fmt.Println(player) // 输出：{Wade 33 98.5}
}

Parse the above code:

• jsonStr: Json string that needs to be parsed;
• var player Player: defines a variable of type Player ;
• json.Unmarshal(): Decode Json into the player variable;
• fmt.Println(player): Format and output in Player type.

It is not difficult to find from the above code that the JSON decoding process in Go language is very simple and easy to read.

In addition, if we have a structure containing multiple instances of the Player type, we can handle it as follows:

type Team struct {
    ID      int      `json:"id"`
    Name    string   `json:"name"`
    Members []Player `json:"members"`
}

func main() {
    jsonStr := `{"id":1,"name":"Lakers","members":[{"name":"Wade","age":33,"score":98.5},{"name":"James","age":36,"score":100}]}`

    var team Team
    json.Unmarshal([]byte(jsonStr), &team)
    fmt.Printf("%+v\n", team)
}

In the above code, the members of the structure Team The variable Members is an array of Players. We can use this feature to parse complex JSON data.

So far, we have introduced how the Go language performs JSON conversion, but this is not all. In actual development, we may encounter some very complex JSON nested structures, such as multi-layer nesting, same-level arrays, etc. At this time, we need to deeply understand the JSON decoding library and use it flexibly.

Summary:

Through this article, we have learned how to use the JSON decoding library to complete Json conversion in the Go language. At the same time, we have also used sample code to demonstrate the detailed operation process. . This is a very basic and commonly used function. In actual programming, we often encounter and use this situation. Mastering this basic operation will be of great help to us in completing programming work more efficiently.

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