How to solve the problem of garbled data read by PHP

In recent years, more and more people have begun to learn and use the PHP language to develop websites and applications. But one of the problems that often occurs is that when using PHP to read databases or files, garbled characters may appear, which causes great trouble to many beginners.

Garbled characters refer to text that cannot be rendered correctly, especially non-ASCII characters such as Chinese characters. In PHP programming, garbled characters may appear in multiple places, such as reading/writing files, reading data from a database, or getting data from the network. Therefore, solving the problem of garbled data read by PHP is a very important topic.

In this article, we will introduce how to solve the problem of garbled data read by PHP from the following aspects.

1. Set PHP file encoding

In PHP, to correctly read non-ASCII characters, you must ensure that the encoding of the PHP file itself is correct. In a PHP file, you can specify the file encoding through the following statement:

header("Content-type:text/html;charset=utf-8");

The function of this statement is to set the output data encoding to UTF-8 format, so that Chinese characters can be processed correctly. Additionally, when saving a PHP file, you should save the file in UTF-8 format to ensure that the PHP file itself is encoded correctly.

2. Set the database encoding

If garbled characters appear when using PHP to read data from the database, it may be because there is a problem with the encoding setting of the database. First, we need to make sure that the encoding of the database is correct. In the MySQL database, you can set the encoding of the database through the following statement:

ALTER DATABASE database_name CHARACTER SET utf8;

This statement is used to set the encoding of the database to UTF-8, where database_name is the name of the database. If you need to set the encoding of a data table, you can use the following statement:

ALTER TABLE table_name CONVERT TO CHARACTER SET utf8;

This statement is used to set the encoding of the data table to UTF-8, where table_name is the table name.

When connecting to a MySQL database in PHP, you also need to set the character set of the database:

mysqli_set_charset($conn,"utf8");

This statement is used to set the character set of the database connection to UTF-8, where $conn is the connection object.

3. Handling reading and writing file encoding

When using PHP to read and write files, you also need to pay attention to the encoding of the file itself, as well as the character set settings when reading or writing files. If the read file is garbled, it is usually because the wrong character set is used when reading.

When reading a file, you should select the correct character set to read based on the encoding of the file. For example, if the file is encoded as UTF-8, it should be read using the UTF-8 character set:

$file = fopen("test.txt", "r");
$text = fread($file,filesize("test.txt"));
fclose($file);

$text = iconv("gb2312","utf-8",$text);

This code snippet uses the fopen function to open the test.txt file and reads the file using the UTF-8 character set content. Finally, use the iconv function to convert the file contents from the gb2312 character set to the UTF-8 character set.

When writing a file, you also need to pay attention to the encoding of the file and the character set used when writing. If the wrong character set is used when writing, the written content will be garbled:

$file = fopen("test.txt", "w");
fwrite($file, "您好，世界！");
fclose($file);

This code segment uses the fwrite function to write the string "Hello, world!" to test.txt in the file. If the encoding of the test.txt file is gb2312, the written content will become garbled.

In order to avoid writing garbled data, you can use the iconv function to convert the string into the corresponding character set:

$file = fopen("test.txt", "w");
$text = iconv("utf-8","gb2312","您好，世界！");
fwrite($file, $text);
fclose($file);

This code snippet writes the string "Hello, world!" Before writing the file, use the iconv function to convert it to the gb2312 character set to ensure that the data written to the file is in the correct character set format.

Summary

In PHP development, dealing with garbled characters is a key skill. Whether you are reading a database, reading or writing files, or getting data from the network, you need to set the correct character set and encoding to avoid garbled characters. This article introduces the reasons why PHP reads garbled data and provides solutions. I hope it can help readers better solve the garbled problem in PHP.

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