Detailed explanation of how to back up Oracle database

Oracle database is an industry-leading relational database system, protecting data security is a necessary task. Data loss means stasis and loss of company operations. Therefore, it is very necessary to adopt certain strategies and measures in backup and recovery. This article will introduce how to back up Oracle database.

1. Oracle database backup types

Oracle database backup can be divided into two types: full backup and incremental backup:

1. Full backup: Full backup is a backup Complete database. This backup method needs to be created during the first backup, usually the first backup after the database is created. During subsequent backups, you can still choose to perform a full backup to ensure the integrity of the backup.
2. Incremental backup: Incremental backup is a backup of all changes made since the last backup. For example, if you perform a full backup on Monday, the backups from Tuesday to Saturday will be incremental backups, which only back up data modified since Monday's backup.

2. Oracle backup method

1. Database backup

Implementing database backup is a common security measure, which can back up complete database and system tablespaces, and include Oracle system files in the backup. Database backups can be managed in Oracle Enterprise Manager using predefined stored procedures and tools.

2. Hot backup

Hot backup refers to backing up a running database without shutting down or stopping the database. This backup method allows users to continue executing transactions during the backup process, so it does not affect database performance. In Oracle database, hot backup can be achieved by using the RMAN tool and backing up the required data files at different points in time.

3. Cold backup

Cold backup refers to the backup of the stopped database. This backup method requires stopping all activity on the database and performing a full backup. In Oracle database, cold backup can be achieved by copying data files to different locations and copying control files.

3. Oracle Backup Tool

1. RMAN

RMAN is the abbreviation of Oracle Backup and Recovery Manager. This is a command line utility that can be used for backup and recovery in Oracle databases. The main advantage of RMAN is that it can easily back up and restore Oracle databases, supporting hot backup and incremental backup.

2. Database Backup Tool

The database backup tool can quickly back up and restore the database according to the backup strategy and backup requirements. The main function of this tool is backup and recovery, but it can also store and archive backup data. In addition, the backup tool can manage the backup data with the required retention time and storage type.

4. Backup Management

In order to ensure the smooth operation of the backup program, it is necessary to manage the backup data and ensure that the backup has been previously created. The best practice for backing up your data is to store it on a separate device or media, such as an external hard drive or tape. Additionally, backup data should be tested regularly to ensure correctness in case inaccuracies are discovered when the backup data needs to be used.

The backup program should run automatically according to the backup policy and requirements, and deliver its notifications and backup information to the database administrator. Also, all backup data should be archived and tracked to ensure that the date, media, and event of each backup are recorded and documented.

Conclusion:

Database backup is an important security measure that can effectively protect the integrity of enterprise data and restore the database from disasters. In Oracle database, you can use RMAN, backup tools and other backup methods to back up data. In order to ensure the integrity and accuracy of backup data, backup data should be stored on separate devices or media, and should be run automatically according to backup policies and requirements, and each backup should be recorded and archived.

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