How to set up a Git server on CentOS 7

Git is a distributed version control system that helps you track changes to code and files, while also helping multiple people work on the same project at the same time. In this article, we will learn how to set up a Git server on CentOS 7.

Step 1: Install Git

First, we need to install Git. On CentOS 7, you can install Git using the following command:

sudo yum install git

Once Git is installed, you can now use Git commands in the terminal.

Step 2: Create a Git user

In order to make our Git server more secure, we will create an independent Git user so that all Git repositories will be owned by this user. Please create a user named git using the following command:

sudo adduser git

Next, you will be asked to enter the password of the new user. After entering and confirming the password, you can see that the user's user directory has been successfully created.

Step 3: Create an empty Git repository

Once we create a Git user, we can create a Git repository for the user. Git repository can store open source code on GitHub and can also be used to store local code. In this tutorial, we will use an empty Git repository to demonstrate how to set up a Git server on CentOS 7.

First, we need to create a new directory to store the empty Git repository. To do this, use the following command in the terminal:

sudo mkdir /var/git

Next, let us add the Git repository to this directory.

sudo git init --bare /var/git/sample.git

This command will create an empty Git repository named sample.git.

Step 4: Set Git warehouse permissions

In order to ensure that all Git warehouses are in a safe state, we should restrict read, write and execute permissions on them.

Let us transfer the permissions of the Git repository to the Git user (git):

sudo chown -R git:git /var/git/sample.git

Next, we will restrict the read, write and execute permissions of the repository:

sudo chmod -R 755 /var/git/sample.git

Now, we have successfully set the permissions of the Git repository.

Step 5: Clone the Git repository

We have set up an empty Git repository, now let us clone the repository locally.

First, create a folder named sample locally:

mkdir ~/sample

Use the following command in the folder to clone: ​​

git clone git@your.server.ip.address:/var/git/sample.git

Please make sure to add your.server Replace .ip.address with the IP address of your Git server.

Step Six: Configure Git User

In order to ensure that Git users can connect and use the Git server, we need to configure Git users:

sudo su - git
cd
mkdir .ssh
touch .ssh/authorized_keys
chmod 700 .ssh
chmod 600 .ssh/authorized_keys

Next, you need to change the local The computer's public key is copied to the new authorized_keys file in the Git user's home directory. On your local machine, run the following command:

cat ~/.ssh/id_rsa.pub | ssh git@your.server.ip.address "cat >> ~/.ssh/authorized_keys"

Be sure to replace your.server.ip.address with the IP address of your Git server.

Now, you can use your Git username and password to connect to the Git server and perform Git operations.

Conclusion

With the steps in this article, you should now have successfully set up a basic Git server on CentOS 7. It is important to note that when using Git, you should always make changes locally and use Git commands to push the changes to the Git server. Do not directly manipulate Git repositories on the Git server.

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