As web applications continue to increase in complexity, the setup of PHP worker processes becomes increasingly critical to server performance and stability. In this article, we will discuss how to set the number of PHP worker processes to optimize server performance, alleviate bottlenecks, and increase system throughput.

What is a PHP worker process?

PHP worker process refers to the resources required by the PHP process, including CPU and memory. When the request reaches the server, the server will hand it over to a PHP process for processing. After the process is executed, the result will be returned to the client. Multiple PHP processes jointly process client requests, achieving high concurrent access capabilities.

However, if the number of PHP worker processes is not set correctly, it will lead to problems such as reduced system performance, prolonged request response time, and server crashes. Next, we'll cover how to set the number of PHP worker processes to optimize server performance.

How to set the number of PHP worker processes?

1. Understand the server hardware configuration

Correctly setting the number of PHP worker processes requires understanding the server's hardware configuration, operating system, Web server, PHP version and other factors. Before setting up, you need to know the following information:

• CPU core number
• Memory capacity
• Operating system type and version
• Web server type and Version
• PHP application version

2. Understanding PHP process management methods

There are usually two PHP process management methods: pre-fork mode and press A derived schema is required.

In pre-fork mode, the server will start the PHP process in advance and wait for the arrival of the client request. If there are no requests, the CPU and memory resources occupied by the PHP process are wasted.

In the on-demand derivation mode, the server will start the PHP process only when processing the client request, and there is no need to reserve resources. The on-demand derivation mode is very effective in dealing with high concurrency and saving server resources.

3. Set the number of PHP working processes according to the server hardware configuration

The number of PHP working processes should be determined according to the server hardware configuration. The following are common setting rules:

• Number of CPU cores < 8: Number of PHP worker processes = Number of CPU cores x 2
• Number of CPU cores> 8: Number of PHP worker processes = Number of CPU cores 8

If the memory capacity is insufficient, it is recommended to set the worker process to a lower value, otherwise it will cause the server to crash.

For example, if your server has 8 CPU cores and 16 GB of memory, you can set the number of PHP worker processes to 16 (8 cores x 2).

4. Use monitoring tools for real-time monitoring and adjustment

Once the number of PHP working processes is configured, it is recommended to use monitoring tools to monitor server performance in real time and adjust the number of PHP working processes in a timely manner , to ensure server performance and stability.

Commonly used server monitoring tools are as follows:

• Netdata
• Zabbix
• Nagios

These tools are provided It has detailed server performance indicators and real-time monitoring functions, and has good customization and scalability.

Conclusion

The setting of the number of PHP worker processes is one of the key factors for server performance and stability. When the server hardware configuration is clear, follow appropriate setting rules and real-time monitoring, maximize system throughput and optimize server performance based on automatically adjusting the number of PHP worker processes.

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