What network is fdd-lte?

fdd-lte is a 3.9G network. fdd-lte is a high-speed wireless communication standard for mobile phones and data terminals in telecommunications. It is the transition version of high-speed downlink packet access (HSDPA) to 4G, commonly known as 3.9G. The fdd-lte standard is based on the old GSM/EDGE and UMTS/HSPA network technologies, and uses modulation technology to improve network capacity and speed.

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What is fdd-lte network

fdd-lte, long-term evolution technology (English: LTE, Long Term Evolution) is a technology used in telecommunications The high-speed wireless communication standard for mobile phones and data terminals is the transition version of High Speed ​​Downlink Packet Access (HSDPA) to 4G, commonly known as 3.9G.

This standard is based on the old GSM/EDGE and UMTS/HSPA network technologies, and uses modulation technology to improve network capacity and speed. Long-term evolution technology This standard was first proposed by 3GPP (3rd Generation Partnership Project) in the Release 8 version in the fourth quarter of 2008, and was slightly improved in the Release 9 version.

Although long-term evolution technology is exaggeratedly promoted by telecommunications companies as "4G LTE", in fact it is not true 4G because it does not comply with the 4G standards required by the Radiocommunication Sector of the International Telecommunication Union (that is, International Mobile Telecommunications Upgrade) version); LTE-A only complies with the 4G standards required by the Radio Communications Department of the International Telecommunication Union.

LTE network introduction

LTE is a wireless data communication technology standard. The current goal of LTE is to improve the data transmission capacity and data transmission speed of wireless networks with the help of new technologies and modulation methods, such as new digital signal processing (DSP) technology, most of which were proposed around the millennium. The long-term goal of LTE is to simplify and redesign the network architecture to become an IP-based network, which will help reduce potential undesirable factors in the 3G transition. Because the LTE interface is incompatible with 2G and 3G networks, LTE needs to operate in frequency bands with the original network.

LTE was first proposed by NTT DoCoMo in Japan in 2004. The standard began to be formally discussed extensively in 2005. In March 2007, the LTE/SAE Trial Initiative (LSTI) was established. As the product of global cooperation between suppliers and operators, LSTI is committed to testing and promoting the rapid spread of LTE, a new standard around the world. The standard was finalized in December 2008. The world's first commercial LTE network was launched on December 14, 2009, by TeliaSonera to provide data connection services in Oslo and Stockholm, Sweden. This service requires the use of Internet cards. In 2011, North American operators began LTE commercialization. MetroPCS launched the Samsung Galaxy Indulge on February 10, 2011, which became the world's first commercial LTE mobile phone. Verizon then launched the world's second LTE mobile phone, HTC ThunderBolt, on March 17. CDMA operators originally planned to upgrade their networks to UMB, an evolved version of CDMA. However, due to Qualcomm abandoning the research and development of UMB systems, the world's major CDMA operators (such as Verizon Wireless, Sprint Nextel and MetroPCS in the United States, Bell Mobile and Telus Mobile in Canada) Japan's KDDI, South Korea's SK Telecom, China's China Telecom, Taiwan's Asia Pacific Telecom) have all announced that they will upgrade to LTE networks or upgrade to WiMAX (Russia and South Korea). LTE Advanced is the next generation network of LTE, which began providing services after the standard was finalized in March 2011.

The LTE network is capable of providing a download rate of 300Mbit/s and an upload rate of 75 Mbit/s. In the E-UTRA environment, QOS technology can be used to achieve a delay of less than 5ms. LTE can provide communication needs in high-speed mobility and supports multicast and broadcast streams. The LTE frequency band has good scalability and supports frequency dual division and time dual division frequency bands from 1.4MHz to 20MHz. The all-IP basic network structure, also known as core packet network evolution, will replace the original GPRS core packet network and provide seamless switching of voice data to older networks such as GSM, UMTS and CDMA2000. Simplified basic network structure can save network operating expenses for operators. For example, E-UTRA can provide four times the network capacity of HSPA.

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