How many combinations of QR codes are there?

The QR code has "2.0526*10^354" combinations; the black and white blocks of the QR code are equivalent to 0 and 1 in computer language, with 37 points horizontally and vertically, excluding the three positioned corners. In addition to the 8-point long side, there are a total of 1177 points, which means that the information represented can be "2^1177" types. Without considering the impact of fault tolerance and various patterns or logos added in the middle, the result is "2.0526 *10^354" species.

The operating environment of this tutorial: Windows 10 system, DELL G3 computer

How many combinations of QR codes are there?

The QR code can generate up to 2.0526*10^354 combinations.

The black and white blocks of the QR code are equivalent to 0 and 1 in computer language, with 37 points horizontally and vertically. Except for the three positioned corners, which are 8 points long each, there are 1177 in total. point.

That is to say, the represented information can be 2^1177 kinds. Without considering the impact of fault tolerance and various patterns or logos added in the middle, the result is 2.0526*10^354 kinds.

QR code is also called two-dimensional bar code. The common two-dimensional code is QR Code. The full name of QR is Quick Response, which is a coding method. It can store more information than the traditional Bar Code and can also represent more data types.

Two-dimensional bar code/2-dimensional bar code is a black and white pattern that is distributed on a plane (in a two-dimensional direction) according to certain rules with certain geometric figures to record data symbol information. Graphics; in coding, the concepts of "0" and "1" bit streams that form the basis of computer internal logic are cleverly used, and several geometric shapes corresponding to binary are used to represent text numerical information, through image input devices or Photoelectric scanning equipment automatically reads to achieve automatic information processing: it has some common features of barcode technology: each code system has its own specific character set; each character occupies a certain width; it has certain verification functions, etc. At the same time, it also has the function of automatically identifying different lines of information and processing graphics rotation change points.

Development History

Foreign research on QR code technology began in the late 1980s, and a variety of QR code symbol representation technology researches have been developed. Code systems, common ones include PDF417, QR Code, Code 49, Code 16K, Code One, etc. The information density of these QR codes is greatly improved compared to traditional one-dimensional codes. For example, the information density of PDF417 is more than 20 times that of the one-dimensional code CodeC39. In terms of QR code standardization research, the International Association of Automatic Identification Manufacturers (AIM) and the American Standards Institute (ANSI) have completed symbol standards for PDF417, QR Code, Code 49, Code 16K, Code One and other code systems. The International Standards Technical Committee and the International Electrotechnical Commission have also established a Barcode Automatic Identification Technical Committee (ISO/IEC/JTC1/SC31) and have formulated an international standard for QR Code (ISO/IEC 18004:2000 "Automatic Identification and Data Collection Technology - Barcode Symbol Technical Specification—QR Code"), and drafted ISO/IEC standards for QR codes such as PDF417, Code 16K, Data Matrix, and Maxi Code. In terms of development, development and production of QR code equipment, reading equipment and symbol generation equipment produced by equipment manufacturers in the United States, Japan and other countries have been widely used in various QR code application systems. As a new information storage, transmission and identification technology, QR code has attracted the attention of many countries in the world since its birth. The United States, Germany, Japan and other countries have not only applied QR code technology to the management of various documents by public security, diplomacy, military and other departments, but also applied QR code to customs, taxation and other departments to manage various reports and bills. Management, commercial, transportation and other departments' management of commodity and cargo transportation, postal department's management of postal parcels, and industrial production field's automated management of industrial production lines.

China’s research on QR code technology began in 1993. China Article Coding Center has conducted translation and tracking research on the technical specifications of several commonly used QR codes PDF417, QRCCode, Data Matrix, Maxi Code, Code 49, Code 16K, and Code One. With the continuous improvement of China's market economy and the rapid development of information technology, domestic demand for the new technology of QR codes is increasing day by day. With the strong support of the former State Administration of Quality and Technical Supervision and relevant national departments, the China Article Coding Center has continued to conduct in-depth research on QR code technology. On the basis of digesting relevant foreign technical information, two national standards for QR codes were formulated: QR code grid matrix code (SJ/T 11349-2006) and QR code compact matrix code (SJ/T 11350-2006) ), thus greatly promoting the research and development of QR codes with independent intellectual property rights technology in China.

On August 3, 2016, the Payment and Clearing Association issued the "Barcode Payment Business Specifications" (Draft for Comment) to payment institutions. The draft clearly pointed out the security standards that payment institutions need to follow when conducting barcode business. This is the first time the central bank has officially recognized the status of QR code payment since it stopped QR code payment in 2014.

On December 23, 2021, the Shanghai Metro "swiped into" the autonomous region for the first time, achieving interconnection and interoperability with the QR code for rail transit in Hohhot, Inner Mongolia. Shanghai citizens can easily ride the Hohhot subway using the "Metro Metropolis" app, while Hohhot citizens can use the "Qingcheng Metro" app to conveniently ride the Shanghai subway. They do not need to download two separate subway travel apps, which is more "lightweight" and convenient. So far, the Shanghai Metro "Metro Metropolis" ride QR code has been interconnected with rail transit in 17 cities across the country, including the Yangtze River Delta region, as well as Beijing, Tianjin, Chongqing, Guangzhou, Lanzhou, Hohhot, etc., covering more than 100 cities in the country. One-third of metro cities.

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