What are the two most important protocols used on the internet

The two most important protocols used on the internet are TCP and IP. The core protocol of the Internet is the TCP/IP protocol, which is mainly composed of the TCP protocol and the IP protocol. These two protocols can be used in combination or with other protocols. They mainly complete the following functions during the data transmission process: 1. TCP The protocol divides the data into several data packets and writes a sequence number on each data packet so that the receiving end can restore the data to its original format; 2. The IP protocol writes the addresses of the sending host and the receiving host on each data packet.

The operating environment of this tutorial: Windows 7 system, Dell G3 computer.

The two most important protocols used on the internet are TCP and IP.

The Internet, also known as the international network, refers to a huge network connected between networks. These networks are connected by a set of common protocols to form a single logical network. Huge international network.

The core protocol of the Internet is the TCP/IP protocol.

TCP/IP protocol refers to a protocol suite that can transmit information between multiple different networks. The TCP/IP protocol not only refers to the two protocols TCP and IP, but also refers to a protocol cluster composed of FTP, SMTP, TCP, UDP, IP and other protocols. Just because in the TCP/IP protocol, the TCP protocol and the IP protocol The most representative, so it is called TCP/IP protocol.

Data transmission process of TCP/IP protocol: The communication method used by TCP/IP protocol is packet switching. The so-called packet switching simply means that data is divided into several segments during transmission. Each data segment is called a data packet. The basic transmission unit of the TCP/IP protocol is a data packet. The TCP/IP protocol mainly includes two main protocols, namely TCP protocol and IP protocol, these two protocols can be used in combination or in combination with other protocols. They mainly complete the following functions during the data transmission process:

• (1) Firstly, The TCP protocol divides the data into several data packets and writes a sequence number on each data packet so that the receiving end can restore the data to its original format.

• (2) The IP protocol writes the addresses of the sending host and the receiving host for each data packet. Once the source address and destination address are written, the data packet can transmit data on the physical network. . The IP protocol also has the function of utilizing routing algorithms for routing selection.

• (3) These data packets can be transmitted through different transmission channels (routing). Due to different paths and other reasons, order reversal, data loss, and data distortion may occur. Even repeated phenomena. These problems are handled by the TCP protocol, which has the function of checking and handling errors, and can also request the sending end to resend when necessary. In short, the IP protocol is responsible for the transmission of data, while the TCP protocol is responsible for the reliable transmission of data.

TCP/IP protocol is the most basic protocol of the Internet. The main protocols of the application layer include Telnet, FTP, SMTP, etc., which are used to receive data from the transport layer or according to different applications. Requirements and methods to transmit data to the transport layer; the main protocols of the transport layer are UDP and TCP, which are channels for users to use the platform and the internal data of the computer information network to achieve data transmission and data sharing.

The main protocols of the network layer are ICMP, IP, and IGMP, which are mainly responsible for the transmission of data packets in the network; and the network access layer, also called the network interface layer or data link layer, the main protocols are ARP, RARP's main function is to provide link management error detection and effectively handle information details related to different communication media.

Characteristics of TCP/IP protocol:

The TCP/IP protocol can develop rapidly and become a de facto standard because it just adapts to worldwide data communications. needs. It has the following characteristics:

(1) The protocol standard is completely open, can be used by users for free, and is independent of specific computer hardware and operating systems.

(2) It is independent of the network hardware system, can run on the wide area network, and is more suitable for the Internet.

(3) Network addresses are uniformly allocated, and each device and terminal in the network has a unique address.

(4) High-level protocol standardization can provide a variety of reliable network services.

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