What each computer must know about the other in order to communicate with it over the Internet

Each computer must know the other party's "ip address" in order to communicate with it on the Internet. The IP address is a unified address format provided by the IP protocol. Because of this unique address, it is ensured that users can efficiently and conveniently select from thousands of computers when operating on connected computers. Come with the objects you need.

The operating environment of this tutorial: Windows 10 system, Dell G3 computer.

Each computer must know the other party's "ip address" in order to communicate with it on the Internet.

IP protocol is a protocol designed for computer networks to communicate with each other. In the Internet, it is a set of rules that enable all computer networks connected to the Internet to communicate with each other. It stipulates the rules that computers should abide by when communicating on the Internet. Computer systems produced by any manufacturer can interconnect with the Internet as long as they comply with the IP protocol. Network systems and equipment produced by various manufacturers, such as Ethernet, packet switching network, etc., cannot interoperate with each other. The main reason why they cannot interoperate is because of the basic unit of data they transmit (technically called "frame"). The format is different. The IP protocol is actually a set of protocol software composed of software programs. It uniformly converts various "frames" into "IP datagram" format. This conversion is one of the most important features of the Internet, enabling all kinds of computers to All can achieve interoperability on the Internet, that is, they have the characteristics of "openness". It is precisely because of the IP protocol that the Internet has rapidly developed into the world's largest and open computer communication network. Therefore, the IP protocol can also be called "Internet Protocol".

The IP address is a unified address format provided by the IP protocol. It assigns a logical address to each network and each host on the Internet to shield the differences in physical addresses.

Because of this unique address, it is ensured that users can efficiently and conveniently select the objects they need from thousands of computers when operating on connected computers.

The IP address is just like our home address. If you want to write to a person, you need to know his or her address so that the postman can deliver the letter. A computer sending information is like a postman. It must know the unique "home address" so as not to deliver the letter to the wrong person. It's just that our addresses are expressed in words, and the computer's address is expressed in binary numbers.

IP addresses are used to give computers on the Internet a number. What we see every day is that every connected PC needs an IP address in order to communicate normally. We can compare "personal computer" to "a telephone", then the "IP address" is equivalent to the "telephone number", and the router in the Internet is equivalent to the "program-controlled switch" of the telecommunications bureau.

The IP address is a 32-bit binary number, which is usually divided into 4 "8-bit binary numbers" (that is, 4 bytes). IP addresses are usually expressed in the form of (a.b.c.d) using "dotted decimal", where a, b, c, and d are all decimal integers between 0 and 255. Example: The dotted decimal IP address (100.4.5.6) is actually a 32-bit binary number (01100100.00000100.00000101.00000110).

For more related knowledge, please visit the FAQ column!

The above is the detailed content of What each computer must know about the other in order to communicate with it over the Internet. For more information, please follow other related articles on the PHP Chinese website!