Understand the Python object introspection mechanism

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Introspection is to query the internal structure of the object through a certain mechanism.

The more common introspection mechanisms (function usage) in Python are: dir(), type(), hasattr(),

isinstance(). Through these functions, we can run the program When you know the type of the object, determine whether a certain attribute exists in the object, and access the attributes of the object.

class A(object):
    def __init__(self):
        print("A")


class C(A):
    def __init__(self):
        print("B")
        super().__init__()


class B(A):
    def __init__(self):
        print("C")
        super().__init__()


class D(B,C):
    def __init__(self):
        print("D")
        super().__init__()


if __name__ == '__main__':
    d = D()

运行结果：
D
C
B
A
(<class &#39;__main__.D&#39;>, <class &#39;__main__.B&#39;>, <class &#39;__main__.C&#39;>, <class &#39;__main__.A&#39;>, <class &#39;object&#39;>)

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