what is crispr

What is crispr?

CRISPR (/'krɪspər/, Clustered regularly interspaced short palindromic repeats) is a repeated sequence in the prokaryotic genome. It is an immune weapon produced by the struggle between bacteria and viruses in the history of life evolution. It is simple. It means that viruses can integrate their own genes into bacteria and use bacterial cellular tools to serve their own gene replication. In order to eliminate the foreign invasion genes of viruses, bacteria have evolved the CRISPR-Cas9 system. Using this system, bacteria can remain silent This is the unique immune system of bacteria that removes viral genes from their own genome.

Microbiologists have learned that bacteria have a variety of immune functions to excise foreign viral genes. The more typical model relies on a complex that can directionally search for target DNA sequences under the guidance of a piece of RNA. The sequence is then excised. Many bacterial immune complexes are relatively complex. Among them, scientists have mastered the operation technology of a protein, Cas9, and successively excise the DNA of multiple target cells. This technology is called the CRISPR/Cas9 gene editing system, and it has quickly become the hottest technology in the life sciences. The technology is very accurate, cheap, easy to use, and very powerful.

In February 2018, experts predicted that this gene editing technology would change our planet, the society we live in, and the creatures around us.

Features

CRISPR is a game changer in the field of biological sciences. This breakthrough technology uses a special programming called Cas9. Enzymes find, cut out and replace specific parts of DNA. The impact of this technology is far-reaching, from changing the color of mice's fur to designing mosquitoes that don't transmit malaria and pest-resistant crops to correcting genetic diseases such as sickle cell anemia. The technology is very accurate, cheap, easy to use, and very powerful.

CRISPR comes from the immune system of microorganisms. This engineering editing system uses an enzyme to cut a small RNA as a guide tool into the DNA, where it can be cut or make other changes. Previous studies have shown that through these interventions, CRISPR can produce changes or mutations in the genome more efficiently than other gene editing technologies such as TALENs (transcription activator-like sensor nucleases). While CRISPR has many advantages, it can also create a large number of "accidental targets" in human cancer cell lines, especially modifications to genes that are not intended to be changed.

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