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What does the Redis protocol look like?

步履不停
Release: 2019-06-22 15:34:39
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What does the Redis protocol look like?

前言

我们用过很多redis的客户端,有没有相过自己撸一个redis客户端? 其实很简单,基于socket,监听6379端口,解析数据就可以了。

redis协议

解析数据的过程主要依赖于redis的协议了。 我们写个简单例子看下redis的协议:

public class RedisTest { public static void main(String[] args) { Jedis jedis = new Jedis("127.0.0.1", 6379); jedis.set("eat", "I want to eat"); } }
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监听socket:

public static void main(String[] args) throws IOException { ServerSocket server = new ServerSocket(6379); Socket socket = server.accept(); byte[] chars = new byte[64]; socket.getInputStream().read(chars); System.out.println(new String(chars)); }
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看下数据:

*3 $3 SET $3 eat $13 I want to eat
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参照官方协议文档https://redis.io/topics/protocol,解析下数据。

(1)简单字符串 Simple Strings, 以 "+"加号 开头 (2)错误 Errors, 以"-"减号 开头 (3)整数型 Integer, 以 ":" 冒号开头 (4)大字符串类型 Bulk Strings, 以 "$"美元符号开头,长度限制512M (5)组类型 Arrays,以 "*"星号开头 并且,协议的每部分都是以 "\r\n" (CRLF) 结尾的。

所以上面的数据的含义是:

*3 数组包含3个元素,分别是SET、eat、I want to eat $3 是一个字符串,且字符串长度为3 SET 字符串的内容 $3 是一个字符串,且字符串长度为3 eat 字符串的内容 $13 是一个字符串,且字符串长度为13 I want to eat 字符串的内容
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执行get 'eat'的数据如下:

*2 $3 GET $3 eat
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撸一个客户端

掌握了redis协议,socket之后,我们就可以尝试撸一个客户端了。

socket:

public RedisClient(String host, int port){ try { this.socket = new Socket(host,port); this.outputStream = this.socket.getOutputStream(); this.inputStream = this.socket.getInputStream(); } catch (IOException e) { // TODO Auto-generated catch block e.printStackTrace(); } }
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set协议:

public String set(final String key, String value) { StringBuilder sb = new StringBuilder(); //虽然输出的时候,会被转义,然而我们传送的时候还是要带上\r\n sb.append("*3").append("\r\n"); sb.append("$3").append("\r\n"); sb.append("SET").append("\r\n"); sb.append("$").append(key.length()).append("\r\n"); sb.append(key).append("\r\n"); sb.append("$").append(value.length()).append("\r\n"); sb.append(value).append("\r\n"); byte[] bytes= new byte[1024]; try { outputStream.write(sb.toString().getBytes()); inputStream.read(bytes); } catch (IOException e) { // TODO Auto-generated catch block e.printStackTrace(); } return new String(bytes); }
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测试:

RedisClient redisClient = new RedisClient("127.0.0.1", 6379); String result = redisClient.set("eat", "please eat"); System.out.println(result);
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执行结果:

+OK
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更多Redis相关技术文章,请访问Redis教程栏目进行学习!

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