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Detailed explanation of application scenario examples of PHP observer pattern

墨辰丷
Release: 2023-03-28 07:22:01
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This article mainly introduces the application scenarios of the PHP observer mode, and analyzes the specific definition and usage skills of the PHP observer mode in detail with a complete example. Friends in need can refer to it

The details are as follows:

<?php
/**
 * 观察者模式应用场景实例
 *
 * 免责声明:本文只是以哈票网举例,示例中并未涉及哈票网任何业务代码,全部原创,如有雷同,纯属巧合。
 *
 * 场景描述:
 * 哈票以购票为核心业务(此模式不限于该业务),但围绕购票会产生不同的其他逻辑,如:
 * 1、购票后记录文本日志
 * 2、购票后记录数据库日志
 * 3、购票后发送短信
 * 4、购票送抵扣卷、兑换卷、积分
 * 5、其他各类活动等
 *
 * 传统解决方案:
 * 在购票逻辑等类内部增加相关代码,完成各种逻辑。
 *
 * 存在问题:
 * 1、一旦某个业务逻辑发生改变,如购票业务中增加其他业务逻辑,需要修改购票核心文件、甚至购票流程。
 * 2、日积月累后,文件冗长,导致后续维护困难。
 *
 * 存在问题原因主要是程序的"紧密耦合",使用观察模式将目前的业务逻辑优化成"松耦合",达到易维护、易修改的目的,
 * 同时也符合面向接口编程的思想。
 *
 * 观察者模式典型实现方式:
 * 1、定义2个接口:观察者(通知)接口、被观察者(主题)接口
 * 2、定义2个类,观察者对象实现观察者接口、主题类实现被观者接口
 * 3、主题类注册自己需要通知的观察者
 * 4、主题类某个业务逻辑发生时通知观察者对象,每个观察者执行自己的业务逻辑。
 *
 * 示例:如以下代码
 *
 */
 date_default_timezone_set(&#39;PRC&#39;); //设置中国时区
#===================定义观察者、被观察者接口============
/**
 *
 * 观察者接口(通知接口)
 *
 */
interface ITicketObserver //观察者接口
{
  function onBuyTicketOver($sender, $args); //得到通知后调用的方法
}
/**
 *
 * 主题接口
 *
 */
interface ITicketObservable //被观察对象接口
{
  function addObserver($observer); //提供注册观察者方法
}
#====================主题类实现========================
/**
 *
 * 主题类(购票)
 *
 */
class HipiaoBuy implements ITicketObservable { //实现主题接口(被观察者)
  private $_observers = array (); //通知数组(观察者)
  public function buyTicket($ticket) //购票核心类,处理购票流程
{
    // TODO 购票逻辑
    //循环通知,调用其onBuyTicketOver实现不同业务逻辑
    foreach ( $this->_observers as $obs )
      $obs->onBuyTicketOver ( $this, $ticket ); //$this 可用来获取主题类句柄,在通知中使用
  }
  //添加通知
  public function addObserver($observer) //添加N个通知
{
    $this->_observers [] = $observer;
  }
}
#=========================定义多个通知====================
//短信日志通知
class HipiaoMSM implements ITicketObserver {
  public function onBuyTicketOver($sender, $ticket) {
    echo (date ( &#39;Y-m-d H:i:s&#39; ) . " 短信日志记录:购票成功:$ticket<br>");
  }
}
//文本日志通知
class HipiaoTxt implements ITicketObserver {
  public function onBuyTicketOver($sender, $ticket) {
    echo (date ( &#39;Y-m-d H:i:s&#39; ) . " 文本日志记录:购票成功:$ticket<br>");
  }
}
//抵扣卷赠送通知
class HipiaoDiKou implements ITicketObserver {
  public function onBuyTicketOver($sender, $ticket) {
    echo (date ( &#39;Y-m-d H:i:s&#39; ) . " 赠送抵扣卷:购票成功:$ticket 赠送10元抵扣卷1张。<br>");
  }
}
#============================用户购票====================
$buy = new HipiaoBuy ();
$buy->addObserver ( new HipiaoMSM () ); //根据不同业务逻辑加入各种通知
$buy->addObserver ( new HipiaoTxt () );
$buy->addObserver ( new HipiaoDiKou () );
//购票
$buy->buyTicket ( "一排一号" );
?>
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The running results are as follows:

2017-02-03 10:25:45 短信日志记录:购票成功:一排一号
2017-02-03 10:25:45 文本日志记录:购票成功:一排一号
2017-02-03 10:25:45 赠送抵扣卷:购票成功:一排一号 赠送10元抵扣卷1张。
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The above is this article The entire content, I hope it will be helpful to everyone's study.


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