How to get parameters in php in cli mode

This article mainly introduces the method of obtaining parameters in php cli mode, which has a good reference value. Let’s take a look with the editor below

There are two ways for PHP to receive parameters in cli mode

1. Use the argv array

2. Use getopt method

1.Use argv array

For example: you need to execute a php and pass three parameters (type=news, is_hot=1, limit=5)

Create test.php

<?php
print_r($argv);
?>

Execute on the command line

php test.php news 1 5

Output:

Array
(
  [0] => test.php
  [1] => news
  [2] => 1
  [3] => 5
)

You can see that argv[0] is the name of the currently executed php file, and argv[1]~argv[3] is the value of the passed parameter

argv [1] Equal to the value of type

argv[2] Equal to the value of is_hot

argv[3] Equal to the value of limit

In this way, the passed value can be obtained based on the argv array parameters for subsequent processing operations.

Disadvantages:

Using the argv array, the passed parameters can be obtained in order. But after obtaining it, a corresponding processing needs to be done. In the above example, argv[1] needs to correspond to the type parameter, argv[2] corresponds to the is_hot parameter, and argv[3] corresponds to the limit parameter. And if the parameters are written in the wrong order during the transfer process, it will cause a program error.

For example:

<?php
$param = array();
$param[&#39;type&#39;] = $argv[1];
$param[&#39;is_hot&#39;] = $argv[2];
$param[&#39;limit&#39;] = $argv[3];
print_r($param);
?>

Execute

php test.php news 1 5

Output:

Array
(
  [type] => news
  [is_hot] => 1
  [limit] => 5
)

If the order of delivery is different, the parameter values ​​obtained will be different, resulting in errors in subsequent programs

Execution

php test.php 1 5 news

Output:

Array
(
  [type] => 1
  [is_hot] => 5
  [limit] => news
)

So when using the argv array to pass parameters, you need to pay attention to the order in which the parameters are passed.

2. Use the getopt method

getopt Get options from the command line argument list

array getopt ( string $options [, array $longopts ] )

Parameters:

options

Each character in this string will be treated as an option character, and options matching the incoming script begin with a single hyphen (-). For example, an option string "x" identifies an option -x. Only a-z, A-Z and 0-9 are allowed.

longopts

Option array. Each element in this array will be treated as an options string, matching the options passed to the script with two hyphens (–). For example, the long option element "opt" identifies an option -opt.

options may contain the following elements:

A single character (no value accepted)

Character followed by a colon (This option requires a value)

Characters followed by two colons (The value of this option is optional) The value of the

option is the first argument after the string. It doesn't mind if there are spaces before the value.

The formats of options and longopts are almost the same, the only difference is that longopts needs to be an array of options (each element is an option), while options needs a string (each character is an option) .

The delimiter of the passed value can be space or =.

Optional values ​​do not accept spaces as delimiters, only = can be used as delimiters.

Return value

This function returns the option/parameter pair, and returns FALSE on failure.

Parsing of options will terminate at the first non-option found, anything after that will be discarded.

1. Use options instance

a,b,c are required values

d is optional value

e does not accept the value

<?php
$param = getopt(&#39;a:b:c:d::e&#39;);
print_r($param);
?>

Execute

php test.php -a 1 -b 2 -c 3 -d=4 -e 5

Output:

Array
(
  [a] => 1
  [b] => 2
  [c] => 3
  [d] => 4
  [e] => 
)

2. Using longopts instance

type,is_hot is a required value

limit is an optional value

expire is an unaccepted value

<?php
$longopt = array(
  &#39;type:&#39;,
  &#39;is_hot:&#39;,
  &#39;limit::&#39;,
  &#39;expire&#39;
);
$param = getopt(&#39;&#39;, $longopt);
print_r($param);
?>

Execution

php test.php --type news --is_hot 1 --limit=10 --expire=100

Output ：

Array
(
  [type] => news
  [is_hot] => 1
  [limit] => 10
  [expire] => 
)

3. Find the first non-option and ignore subsequent instances

<?php
$longopt = array(
  &#39;type:&#39;,
  &#39;is_hot:&#39;,
  &#39;limit::&#39;,
  &#39;expire&#39;
);
$param = getopt(&#39;&#39;, $longopt);
print_r($param);
?>

Execute

php test.php --type news --is_hots 1 --limit=10 --expire=100

Output:

Array
(
  [type] => news
)

Because is_hots is not an option value (is_hot is defined), all parameters from here on are discarded.

Summary:

Use the argv array to pass parameters, the method is simple and easy to implement. The order of the parameters cannot be wrong, and corresponding processing needs to be done after the parameters are obtained.

Use the getopt method, you can use parameter names, and the order of parameters can be arbitrary, which is relatively standardized. (Recommended)

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