The difference between new self() and new static() in PHP

Whether it is new static() or new self(), a new object is new. This article mainly introduces to you the difference between new self() and new static() in PHP object-oriented. Friends in need can refer to it. Let’s take a look together.

The difference is as follows:

First clarify the conclusion. In PHP, self points to the class that defines the currently called method, and static points to the class that calls the current static method.

Next, use an example to prove the above result

class A 
{
 public static $_a = 'Class A';

 public static function echoProperty()
 {
 echo self::$_a . PHP_EOL;
 }
}

class B extends A 
{
 public static $_a = 'Class B';
}

$obj = new B();
B::echoProperty();//输出 Class A

The reason why this is the case is because self:: or __CLASS__ is used to statically refer to the current class, depending on the definition of the called method. In the class where it is located, modify the echoProperty method of Class A above to become:

class A 
{
 public static $_a = 'Class A';

 public static function echoProperty()
 {
 echo static::$_a . PHP_EOL;
 }
}
//再次调用B::echoProperty将输出 'CLASS B'

In order to avoid the subclass seen in the first example above overwriting the static properties of the parent class, use the inherited The method still accesses the static properties of the parent class. PHP5.3 adds a new syntax: Late static binding. Use the static keyword instead of the self keyword to make static point to the same class returned by get_called_class(). , that is, the class currently calling the static method, this keyword is also valid for accessing the static method.

The following example better illustrates the difference between new self() and new static() (the latter uses PHP's late static binding to point to the current class of the calling method)

class A 
{
 public static function get_self() 
 {
 return new self();
 }

 public static function get_static() 
 {
 return new static();
 }
}

class B extends A {}

echo get_class(B::get_self()); // A
echo get_class(B::get_static()); // B
echo get_class(A::get_self()); // A
echo get_class(A::get_static()); // A

Related recommendations:

Overview of PHP object-oriented design principles

PHP practical basic knowledge of object-oriented design

PHP object-oriented basic concept example tutorial

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