Detailed explanation of three attribute code examples of arrays in JavaScript

Three properties of javascript array objects

1. Length property

The Length property represents the length of the array, that is, the number of elements in it. Because the index of an array always starts from 0, the upper and lower limits of an array are: 0 and length-1 respectively. Unlike most other languages, the length property of JavaScript arrays is variable, which requires special attention. When the length attribute is set larger, the state of the entire array does not actually change, only the length attribute becomes larger; when the length attribute is set smaller than the original, the elements in the original array with indexes greater than or equal to length will All values ​​are lost. The following is an example that demonstrates changing the length attribute:

var arr=[12,23,5,3,25,98,76,54,56,76];
//定义了一个包含10个数字的数组
alert(arr.length); //显示数组的长度10
arr.length=12; //增大数组的长度
alert(arr.length); //显示数组的长度已经变为12
alert(arr[8]); //显示第9个元素的值，为56
arr.length=5; //将数组的长度减少到5，索引等于或超过5的元素被丢弃
alert(arr[8]); //显示第9个元素已经变为"undefined"
arr.length=10; //将数组长度恢复为10
alert(arr[8]); //虽然长度被恢复为10，但第9个元素却无法收回，显示"undefined"

From the above code we can clearly see the nature of the length attribute. But the length object can not only be set explicitly, it may also be modified implicitly. You can use an undeclared variable in JavaScript. Similarly, you can also use an undefined array element (referring to an element with an index greater than or equal to length). In this case, the value of the length attribute will be set to the value of the element index used. plus 1. For example, the following code:

var arr=[12,23,5,3,25,98,76,54,56,76];
alert(arr.length);
arr[15]=34;
alert(arr.length);

The code also defines an array containing 10 numbers. It can be seen from the alert statement that its length is 10. Then the element with index 15 is used and assigned a value of 15, that is, arr[15]=34. At this time, the alert statement is used to output the length of the array, and the result is 16. Regardless, this is a surprising feature for developers accustomed to strongly typed programming. In fact, the initial length of an array created using the new Array() form is 0. It is the operation of undefined elements that causes the length of the array to change.

As you can see from the above introduction, the length attribute is so magical. You can use it to easily increase or decrease the capacity of the array. Therefore, an in-depth understanding of the length attribute will help to use it flexibly during the development process.

2. prototype attribute

Returns a reference to the prototype of the object type. The prototype property is common to object.

objectName.prototype

objectName parameter is the name of the object object.

Description: Use the prototype property to provide a set of basic functions of the object's class. New instances of an object "inherit" the operations assigned to the object's prototype.

For array objects, the following example illustrates the use of the prototype attribute.

Add a method to the array object that returns the maximum element value in the array. To accomplish this, declare a function, add it to Array.prototype, and use it.

function array_max( )
{
 var i, max = this[0];
 for (i = 1; i < this.length; i++)
 {
 if (max < this[i])
 max = this[i];
 }
 return max;
}
Array.prototype.max = array_max;
var x = new Array(1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6);
var y = x.max( );

After this code is executed, y holds the maximum value in the array x, or say 6.

3. The constructor attribute

represents the function that creates the object.

object.constructor //object is the name of the object or function.

Description: The constructor property is a member of all objects with prototype. They include all JScript native objects except Global and Math objects. The constructor property holds a reference to the function that constructs a specific object instance.

For example:

x = new String("Hi");
if (x.constructor == String) // 进行处理（条件为真）

or

function MyFunc {
// 函数体。
}
y = new MyFunc;
if (y.constructor == MyFunc) // 进行处理（条件为真）

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