Introduction and usage tutorial of Java Calendar class-javaTutorial-php.cn

Introduction and usage tutorial of Java Calendar class

Y2J

Release： 2017-05-03 15:09:22

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This article mainly introduces the detailed explanation of the Java Calendar class and relevant information on usage examples. Friends in need can refer to the following

Summary of the use of the Java Calendar class

In actual projects, we often involve time processing. For example, when logging into a website, we will see XXX displayed on the homepage of the website. Welcome! Today is the year XXXX. . . . Some websites will record the time when users log in, such as some websites of banks. For these problems that often need to be dealt with, Java provides Calendar, a class specially used to operate on dates. So what is special about this class? , First let’s look at Calendar’s declaration

public abstract class Calendar extends Objectimplements Serializable, Cloneable, Comparable<Calendar>

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This class is modified by abstract, indicating that the instance cannot be obtained through new. In this regard, Calendar provides a class method getInstance to obtain a general object of this type. Object, the getInstance method returns a Calendar object (this object is a subclass object of Calendar), and its calendar field has been initialized by the current date and time:

Calendar rightNow = Calendar.getInstance();

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Why is it said that a subclass object of Calendar is returned? Because each country and region has its own set of calendar algorithms. For example, the first week in Western countries is mostly Sunday, while in China it is Monday. Let’s take a look at the source code of the getInstance method to obtain the instance

/**
 * Gets a calendar using the default time zone and locale. The
 * <code>Calendar</code> returned is based on the current time
 * in the default time zone with the default locale.
 *
 * @return a Calendar.
 */
public static Calendar getInstance()
{
 Calendar cal = createCalendar(TimeZone.getDefaultRef(), Locale.getDefault(Locale.Category.FORMAT));
 cal.sharedZone = true;
 return cal;
}

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The createCalendar method is to return the corresponding date subclasses according to different countries and regions

private static Calendar createCalendar(TimeZone zone,
      Locale aLocale)
 {
 Calendar cal = null;

 String caltype = aLocale.getUnicodeLocaleType("ca");
 if (caltype == null) {
  // Calendar type is not specified.
  // If the specified locale is a Thai locale,
  // returns a BuddhistCalendar instance.
  if ("th".equals(aLocale.getLanguage())
   && ("TH".equals(aLocale.getCountry()))) {
  cal = new BuddhistCalendar(zone, aLocale);
  } else {
  cal = new GregorianCalendar(zone, aLocale);
  }
 } else if (caltype.equals("japanese")) {
  cal = new JapaneseImperialCalendar(zone, aLocale);
 } else if (caltype.equals("buddhist")) {
  cal = new BuddhistCalendar(zone, aLocale);
 } else {
  // Unsupported calendar type.
  // Use Gregorian calendar as a fallback.
  cal = new GregorianCalendar(zone, aLocale);
 }

 return cal;
 }

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In order to operate dates more conveniently, the Calendar class provides conversion between calendar fields such as YEAR, MONTH, DAY_OF_MONTH, HOUR and so on. methods and provides some methods for manipulating calendar fields (such as getting next week's date). An instant can be expressed as a millisecond value, which is the offset from the epoch (00:00:00.000 January 1, 1970 GMT, Gregorian calendar).

Let’s take a look at the commonly used methods of Calendar

package com.test.calendar;

import java.util.Calendar;

import org.junit.Before;
import org.junit.Test;

public class CalendarDemo {
 Calendar calendar = null;

 @Before
 public void test() {
 calendar = Calendar.getInstance();
 }

 // 基本用法，获取年月日时分秒星期
 @Test
 public void test1() {
 // 获取年
 int year = calendar.get(Calendar.YEAR);

 // 获取月，这里需要需要月份的范围为0~11，因此获取月份的时候需要+1才是当前月份值
 int month = calendar.get(Calendar.MONTH) + 1;

 // 获取日
 int day = calendar.get(Calendar.DAY_OF_MONTH);

 // 获取时
 int hour = calendar.get(Calendar.HOUR);
 // int hour = calendar.get(Calendar.HOUR_OF_DAY); // 24小时表示

 // 获取分
 int minute = calendar.get(Calendar.MINUTE);

 // 获取秒
 int second = calendar.get(Calendar.SECOND);

 // 星期，英语国家星期从星期日开始计算
 int weekday = calendar.get(Calendar.DAY_OF_WEEK);

 System.out.println("现在是" + year + "年" + month + "月" + day + "日" + hour
  + "时" + minute + "分" + second + "秒" + "星期" + weekday);
 }

 // 一年后的今天
 @Test
 public void test2() {
 // 同理换成下个月的今天calendar.add(Calendar.MONTH, 1);
 calendar.add(Calendar.YEAR, 1);

 // 获取年
 int year = calendar.get(Calendar.YEAR);

 // 获取月
 int month = calendar.get(Calendar.MONTH) + 1;

 // 获取日
 int day = calendar.get(Calendar.DAY_OF_MONTH);

 System.out.println("一年后的今天：" + year + "年" + month + "月" + day + "日");
 }

 // 获取任意一个月的最后一天
 @Test
 public void test3() {
 // 假设求6月的最后一天
 int currentMonth = 6;
 // 先求出7月份的第一天，实际中这里6为外部传递进来的currentMonth变量
 // 1
 calendar.set(calendar.get(Calendar.YEAR), currentMonth, 1);

 calendar.add(Calendar.DATE, -1);

 // 获取日
 int day = calendar.get(Calendar.DAY_OF_MONTH);

 System.out.println("6月份的最后一天为" + day + "号");
 }

 // 设置日期
 @Test
 public void test4() {
 calendar.set(Calendar.YEAR, 2000);
 System.out.println("现在是" + calendar.get(Calendar.YEAR) + "年");

 calendar.set(2008, 8, 8);
 // 获取年
 int year = calendar.get(Calendar.YEAR);

 // 获取月
 int month = calendar.get(Calendar.MONTH);

 // 获取日
 int day = calendar.get(Calendar.DAY_OF_MONTH);

 System.out.println("现在是" + year + "年" + month + "月" + day + "日");
 }
}

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Program output results:

 现在是2016年11月7日11时42分18秒星期2
 一年后的今天：2017年11月7日
 6月份的最后一天为30号
 现在是2000年
 现在是2008年8月8日

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The Calendar class also has before, after, compareTo and other methods. The usage is similar to that of the Date class. It’s just now recommended to use the Calendar class to operate dates.

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