Code example using xslt to parse xml into xhtml-XML/RSS Tutorial-php.cn

xsltThe basic format for parsing is as follows. Friends who need it can For reference, the basic format of using xslt for parsing is as follows: For example, the code for

is as follows:

<?xml version="1.0" encoding="GB2312"?> 
<xsl:stylesheet version="1.0" 
xmlns:xsl="http://www.w3.org/1999/XSL/Transform"> 
<xsl:output method=&#39;html&#39; version=&#39;1.0&#39; encoding=&#39;GB2312&#39; indent=&#39;yes&#39;/> 
<xsl:template match="/"> 
<html> 
<body> 
//这里可以包含一些xhtml的标签 
</body> 
</html> 
</xsl:template> 
</xsl:stylesheet>

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XSL refers to the Extended Style Sheet Language (EXtensible Stylesheet Language), xsl is the style sheet of xml, xsl includes 3 parts, namely: xslt (a language used to convert XML documents), x-path (a language used to navigate in XML documents),

xsl-fo
(a language for formatting XML documents), you can find tutorials on related content at //m.sbmmt.com/ As described in the previous code. In that way, xslt starts with the xml version and converts it in the format of ... Since this is the first time I have come into contact with xslt, I am not familiar with it. It is not very thoroughly understood. Here is just a list of some key points I encountered when learning and using it;

1. Recursion and parameter passing methods:
With a family tree As an example, the xml file is like this:

The code is as follows:

<?xml version="1.0" encoding="ISO-8859-1"?> 
<?xml-stylesheet type="text/xsl" href="digui.xsl"?> 
<person name="Otto" sex="mael" age="60"> 
　　<person name="Sandra" sex="mael" age="35"> 
　　<person name="Lichao" sex="femael" age="34"> 
　　 <person name="Zhangsan" sex="mael" age="12"/> 
　　</person> 
　　<person name="Eric" sex="femael" age="36"> 
　　 <person name="HaLi" sex="mael" age="18"/> 
　　</person> 
　　<person name="Lisi" sex="mael" age="30"> 
　　 <person name="HeLi" sex="mael" age="6"/> 
　　 <person name="Andy" sex="femael" age="13"/> 
　　</person> 
　　</person> 
</person>

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Now we need to write an xslt to express the family relationship. In fact, the family relationship is a There is a family tree, so we express this relationship by outputting different levels of indentation. The largest ancestor is then indented by generation. The smallest generation is at the end and indented the most. This is the level of a tree. It came out; the following is the code of the xsl file:

The code is as follows:

<?xml version="1.0" encoding="GB2312"?> 
<xsl:stylesheet version="1.0" 
xmlns:xsl="http://www.w3.org/1999/XSL/Transform"> 
<xsl:output method=&#39;html&#39; version=&#39;1.0&#39; encoding=&#39;GB2312&#39; indent=&#39;yes&#39;/> 
<xsl:template match="/"> 
<html> 
<body> 
<xsl:apply-templates select="person"> 
<xsl:with-param name="level" select="&#39;0&#39;"/> 
</xsl:apply-templates> 
</body> 
</html> 
</xsl:template> 
<xsl:template match="person"> 
<xsl:param name="level"/> 
<p style="text-indent:{$level}em">name:<xsl:value-of select="@name"/>,sex:<xsl:value-of select="@sex"/>,age:<xsl:value-of select="@age"/></p> 
<xsl:apply-templates select="person"> 
<xsl:with-param name="level" select="$level + 2"/> 
</xsl:apply-templates> 
</xsl:template> 
</xsl:stylesheet>

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Here we first define a parameter called level in the template, using < syntax like; Assignment,

, the value of the parameter level is initially assigned as "0", and we use the value of the parameter level ($level) as the indent value, such as text-indent:{$level}em, so when rendering the xml content, the first There is no indentation for one layer. After rendering the first layer, we pass

This method accumulates the value of the parameter level to achieve recursion, so that each time a layer is rendered, the parameter value is added 2, thereby realizing different levels of indentation to realize the structure of the family tree; let me also mention here that we use @+ attributes such as @name to get the value of the node attribute.

2. Use parameters to change colors on alternate lines:
Still citing the above example and the parameter level, we give the parameter +1 (odd number) instead of +2 (even number) during recursion , you can select odd-numbered rows or even-numbered rows by (.. test="$level mod 2 = 0") or (.. test="$level mod 2 = 1"). We use < ;xsl:when test="$level mod 2 = 0">... ... give The odd and even lines have different background-color
, thereby achieving the effect of changing colors on alternate lines. The specific code is as follows:
The code is as follows:

<?xml version="1.0" encoding="GB2312"?> 
<xsl:stylesheet version="1.0" 
xmlns:xsl="http://www.w3.org/1999/XSL/Transform"> 
<xsl:output method=&#39;html&#39; version=&#39;1.0&#39; encoding=&#39;GB2312&#39; indent=&#39;yes&#39;/> 
<xsl:template match="/"> 
<html> 
<body> 
<xsl:apply-templates select="person"> 
<xsl:with-param name="level" select="&#39;0&#39;"/> 
</xsl:apply-templates> 
</body> 
</html> 
</xsl:template> 
<xsl:template match="person"> 
<xsl:param name="level"/> 
<xsl:choose> 
<xsl:when test="$level mod 2 = 0"> 
<p style="text-indent:{$level}em;background-color:#DDD">name:<xsl:value-of select="@name"/>,sex:<xsl:value-of select="@sex"/>,age:<xsl:value-of select="@age"/></p> 
</xsl:when> 
<xsl:otherwise> 
<p style="text-indent:{$level}em;background-color:#EEE">name:<xsl:value-of select="@name"/>,sex:<xsl:value-of select="@sex"/>,age:<xsl:value-of select="@age"/></p> 
</xsl:otherwise> 
<xsl:apply-templates select="person"> 
<xsl:with-param name="level" select="$level + 1"/> 
</xsl:apply-templates> 
</xsl:template> 
</xsl:stylesheet>

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三、符号转义以及CDATA语法：
目前碰到的只有“<”和“>” 要转义成<和>如果在表达式里出现这两个符号，页面在预览的时候就会报错；
另外我们需要将原文件的内容原封不动的输出来，包括换行或上面的大于和小于号等页面元素，这时候就需要CDATA这个标签， CDATA全称character data，翻译为字符数据，数据不进行转义直接输出。语法格式如下：

例如：
]]>
在页面上显示的内容将是"";
四、几个教程中并没有提到的名词：
1、local-name();例子：，这里所表达的意思就是当前节点的名字。
2、...，call-template和apply-template的区别，简单说apply是应用，call是调用。
用apply时，引擎自动搜索与当前select指定xpath的匹配节点相匹配的template（该template必须有属性match）并使用该template进行处理，此时需要指定的是select的path。
用call时就跟其它语言调用函数一样，必须指定name属性，相应的，该template必须有name属性，当然，也可以在这时with-param(当然相应的模板中有对应的param才行，不过这个不强制要求)。通过设置mode属性可以调用同一内容的不同表现形式，这个由自己去定义。
3、count(ancestor::*)这种写法是计算当前节点有多少个祖先节点，当然 ancestor也可以用child，following-sibling等xpath关系。
五、对于要符合多条件的判断，xslt不能很好的支持：
以家族树为例，我要取一个位于第二层的，名字叫Lichao的人，如果按字面理解我们可以写成...,但是这样写在预览xml的时候就会报错，我也想用条件里面套条件这样的写法，也不符合语法，查了很多相关的资料，没有找到很好的解决办法。
以上是在学习和使用xslt对xml进行解析的过程中的一些感想和记录，xslt很强大，有很多功能都没有涉及，当然，我还要继续学习和研究。

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