Detailed explanation of WeChat applet front-end source code and example analysis

This article mainly introduces WeChat Mini Program Detailed explanation of front-end source code and related information of example analysis. Friends in need can refer to

WeChat Mini Program front-end source code logic and workflow

Reading the front-end code of the WeChat applet really makes my blood boil. The code logic and design are clear at a glance, there are no superfluous things, it is really simple.

Without further ado, let’s analyze the front-end code directly. Personal opinions, there may be some omissions, it is for reference only.

Basic structure of the file:

First look at the entrance app.js, register one app (obj) Applets. Accepts an object parameter, which specifies the life cyclefunction etc. of the applet. Other files can obtain the app instance through the global method getApp(), and then directly call its properties or methods, such as (getApp().globalData)

//app.js
App({
 onLaunch: function () {
  //调用API从本地缓存中获取数据
  var logs = wx.getStorageSync('logs') || []
  logs.unshift(Date.now())
  wx.setStorageSync('logs', logs)
 },
 getUserInfo:function(cb){
  var that = this
  if(this.globalData.userInfo){
   typeof cb == "function" && cb(this.globalData.userInfo)
  }else{
   //调用登录接口
   wx.login({
    success: function () {
     wx.getUserInfo({
      success: function (res) {
       that.globalData.userInfo = res.userInfo
       typeof cb == "function" && cb(that.globalData.userInfo)
      }
     })
    }
   })
  }
 },
 globalData:{
  userInfo:null
 }
})

I Understand that app.js is the entry initialization file and is also where global API expansion is provided. Let’s analyze the several methods and attributes that come with it

onLaunch hook function will be automatically executed once after the mini program initialization is completed, and then if you do not actively call it during the mini program life cycle onLaunch, it will not be executed.

var logs = wx.getStorageSync('logs') || [] Get the logs attribute in the local cache. If the value is empty, then set logs=[] and HTML5 localStorage has a similar function

logs.unshift(Date.now()) The current login time is added to the array

wx.setStorageSync('logs', logs) The data Store it in the local cache. Because wx is a global object, you can directly call wx.getStorageSync('logs') in other files to obtain the local cache data

getUserInfo function, As the name suggests, it is to obtain the logged in user information. This function is equivalent to providing an interface for obtaining user information. Other pages will not be executed unless called. Other pages call this method through getApp().getUserInfo(function(userinfo){console.log(userinfo);}) to obtain user information.

getUserInfo:function(cb){//参数为cb,类型为函数
  var that = this
  if(this.globalData.userInfo){//用户信息不为空
   typeof cb == "function" && cb(this.globalData.userInfo)//如果参数cb的类型为函数，那么执行cb,获取用户信息；
  }else{//如果用户信息为空，也就是说第一次调用getUserInfo，会调用用户登录接口。
   wx.login({
    success: function () {
     wx.getUserInfo({
      success: function (res) {
　　　　　　　　 console.log(res)
       that.globalData.userInfo = res.userInfo//把用户信息赋给globalData，如果再次调用getUserInfo函数的时候，不需要调用登录接口
       typeof cb == "function" && cb(that.globalData.userInfo)//如果参数cb类型为函数，执行cb,获取用户信息
      }
     })
    }
   })
  }
 }

The globalData object is used to store global data. Call

in other places and then briefly analyze the app.json file. The function of the file is to globally configure the WeChat applet, determine the path of the page file, window performance, set the network timeout, set multiple tabs, etc.

The most important thing is the pages attribute, required, is an array. The elements in the array are strings file paths, specifying which pages the mini program consists of. The first item must be the initial page of the mini program.

{
 "pages":[
  "pages/index/index",
  "pages/logs/logs"
 ],
 "window":{
  "backgroundTextStyle":"light",
  "navigationBarBackgroundColor": "#fff",
  "navigationBarTitleText": "WeChat",
  "navigationBarTextStyle":"black"
 }
}

Then look at the project index and logs folders. The initial project of the WeChat applet puts the js, wxss, and wxml related to each page in their own files, so that the structure looks much clearer.

Let’s first look at the index folder, which is the initial page of the mini program. Under the index folder are three small files: index.js, index.wxml, and index.wxss. The mini program separates js, css, and html codes and puts them in separate files, each performing its own duties. The js and style sheet file names must be consistent with the wxml file name of the current folder, so as to ensure that the effects of js and style sheets can be displayed on the page. I appreciate this kind of design concept, which is neat and uniform, with clear responsibilities, and reduces the complexity of code design.

　index.wxml, this is a common template file, datadriver, those who have developed front-endmvc, mvvm projects will be familiar with this. , after all, it is developed based on react.​

<!--index.wxml-->
<view class="container">//视图容器
 <view bindtap="bindViewTap" class="userinfo">//bindtap为容器绑定点击触摸事件，在触摸离开时触发bindViewTap事件处理函数，bindViewTap通过index.js page()设置添加
  <image class="userinfo-avatar" src="{{userInfo.avatarUrl}}" background-size="cover"></image>//大双括号的变量来自于index.js的data对象解析成对应的值，而且是实时的
  <text class="userinfo-nickname">{{userInfo.nickName}}</text>
 </view>
 <view class="usermotto">
  <text class="user-motto">{{motto}}</text>
 </view>
</view>

　　index.js，与reaact用法几无二异，换汤不换药。page()来注册一个页面。接受一个 OBJECT 参数，其指定页面的初始数据、生命周期函数、事件处理函数等。

var app = getApp() // 获取入口文件app的应用实例
Page({
 data: {
  motto: 'Hello World',
  userInfo: {}
 },
 //自定义事件处理函数，点击.userinfo的容易触发此函数
 bindViewTap: function() {
  wx.navigateTo({//全局对象wx的跳转页面方法
   url: '../logs/logs'
  })
 },
 onLoad: function () {//发生页面加载时，自动触发该生命周期函数
  console.log('onLoad')
  var that = this
  //调用应用实例的方法获取全局数据
  app.getUserInfo(function(userInfo){
   //更新数据，页面自动渲染
   that.setData({
    userInfo:userInfo
   })
  })
 }
})

　　index.wxss文件只渲染当前所属页面，会覆盖全局app.wxss同一样式。

　 再分析下logs日志文件夹，logs文件夹下为logs.wxml、logs.js、logs.wxss、logs.json，同理保证同名，才能完成效果渲染。

　 logs.wxml文件

<!--logs.wxml-->
<view class="container log-list">
 <block wx:for="{{logs}}" wx:for-item="log">//block容器作用，无其他实际含义。wx:for作用：遍历logs数组，遍历多少次，block块就会复制多少次，for-item等同于为<br>遍历元素起一个变量名，方便引用。<br>
  <text class="log-item">{{index + 1}}. {{log}}</text>
 </block>
</view>

　　logs.js 文件

//logs.js
var util = require('../../utils/util.js') //util.js相当于一个函数库，我们可以在这个文件内自定义扩展和封装一些常用的函数和方法
Page({
 data: {
  logs: []
 },
 onLoad: function () {
  this.setData({
   logs: (wx.getStorageSync('logs') || []).map(function (log) {//通过wx.getStorageSync获取本地缓存的logs日志数据
    return util.formatTime(new Date(log))//日期格式化
   })
  })
 }
})

　　logs.json文件

{
  "navigationBarTitleText": "查看启动日志"  //当前页面配置文件，设置window当前页面顶部导航栏标题等相关内容
}

基本页面结构和逻辑就这么简单，暴露给我们的没有一点令人费解的东西。

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