Summary of http request method libraries in Python-Python Tutorial-php.cn

Summary of http request method libraries in Python

高洛峰

Release： 2017-03-16 17:07:57

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Recently using python to do interface testing, I found that there are many http request methods in python. I will take some time to sort out the relevant content today and share it with you. Everyone, the specific content is as follows:

1. python’s own library----urllib2

Python’s own library urllib2 is used more often, and the simple use is as follows:

import urllib2

response = urllib2.urlopen('http://localhost:8080/jenkins/api/json?pretty=true')

print response.read()

Simple get request

import urllib2

import urllib

post_data = urllib.urlencode({})

response = urllib2.urlopen('http://localhost:8080/, post_data)

print response.read()

print response.getheaders()

This is the simplest example of urllib2 sending a post. There are a lot of codes

2. python’s own library--httplib

httplib is a relatively low-level http request module, and urlib is encapsulated based on httplib. The simple use is as follows:

import httplib
conn = httplib.HTTPConnection("www.python.org")
conn.request("GET", "/index.html")
r1 = conn.getresponse()
print r1.status, r1.reason
data1 = r1.read()
conn.request("GET", "/parrot.spam")
r2 = conn.getresponse()
data2 = r2.read()
conn.close()

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Simple get request

Let’s see if post request

import httplib, urllib
params = urllib.urlencode({&#39;@number&#39;: 12524, &#39;@type&#39;: &#39;issue&#39;, &#39;@action&#39;: &#39;show&#39;})
headers = {"Content-type": "application/x-www-form-urlencoded", "Accept": "text/plain"}
conn = httplib.HTTPConnection("bugs.python.org")
conn.request("POST", "", params, headers)
response = conn.getresponse()
data = response.read()
print data
conn.close()

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## is I think it's too complicated. You have to read the document every time you write, let’s take a look at the third one

3. Third-party library--requests

It’s super easy to send a get request:

print requests.get(&#39;http://localhost:8080).text

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Just In a word, let’s look at the post request

payload = {&#39;key1&#39;: &#39;value1&#39;, &#39;key2&#39;: &#39;value2&#39;}
r = requests.post("http://httpbin.org/post", data=payload)
print r.text

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which is also very simple.

Let’s take a look again if you want to authenticate:

url = &#39;http://localhost:8080&#39;
r = requests.post(url, data={}, auth=HTTPBasicAuth(&#39;admin&#39;, &#39;admin&#39;))
print r.status_code
print r.headers
print r.reason

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Is it much simpler than urllib2, and requests comes with json parsing. This is great

http request in python

import urllib
params = urllib.urlencode({key:value,key:value})
resultHtml = urllib.urlopen(&#39;[API or 网址]&#39;,params)
result = resultHtml.read()
print result

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