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Getting Started with MySQL: Using SQL99 Standard Connection Query

黄舟
Release: 2017-01-19 15:55:12
Original
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Use SQL99 standard connection query (JOIN..ON..)

内连接 
只返回满足连接条件的数据(两边都有的才显示)。 
select e., d. 
from emp e 
inner join dept d 
on e.deptno=d.deptno 
– 也可以省略inner关键字。
select e.*, d.*
from emp e inner join dept d
on e.deptno=d.deptno

左外连接
    左边有值才显示。
    select e.*, d.*
    from emp e
    left outer join dept d
    on e.deptno=d.deptno
    -- 也可以省略outer关键字


右外连接
    右边边有值才显示。
    select e.*, d.*
    from emp e      
    right outer join dept d
    on e.deptno=d.deptno
    -- 也可以省略outer关键字

满外联接
    任一边有值就会显示。
    select e.*, d.*
    from emp e
    full outer join dept d      
    on e.deptno=d.deptno
    -- 也可以省略outer关键字

交叉连接:
    叉集,就是笛卡尔积
    select e.*, d.*
    from emp e
    cross join dept d
– 没有连接条件
eg:查询员工信息,员工号,姓名,月薪,部门名称 
select e.empno, e.ename, e.sal, d.dname 
from emp e, dept d 
where e.deptno=d.deptno
select e.empno, e.ename, e.sal, d.dname
from emp e inner join dept d  -- 逗号join
on e.deptno=d.deptno    -- where on
//显示所有部门信息 
//显示各个部门的部门人数 
select d.deptno 部门号, d.dname 部门名称,count(e.empno) 人数 
from emp e, dept d 
where e.deptno(+)=d.deptno 
group by d.deptno, d.dname
select d.deptno 部门号, d.dname 部门名称,count(e.empno) 人数
from emp e right outer join dept d
on e.deptno=d.deptno
group by d.deptno, d.dname
自连接: – 查询员工信息 ,老板信息 
显示: *的老板是* 
select e.ename , b.ename 
from emp e, emp b 
where e.mgr=b.empno
select concat ( concat(e.ename, ‘的老板是’), b.ename) 
from emp e, emp b 
where e.mgr=b.empno
select e.ename, ifnull(b.ename,’他自己’) 
from emp e left outer join emp b 
on e.mgr=b.empno
select concat ( concat(e.ename, ‘的老板是’), ifnull(b.ename,’他自己’)) 
from emp e left outer join emp b 
on e.mgr=b.empno 
+————————————————————————+ 
| concat ( concat(e.ename, ‘的老板是’), ifnull(b.ename,’他自己’)) | 
+————————————————————————+ 
| SMITH的老板是FORD | 
| ALLEN的老板是BLAKE | 
| WARD的老板是BLAKE | 
| JONES的老板是KING | 
| MARTIN的老板是BLAKE | 
| BLAKE的老板是KING | 
| CLARK的老板是KING | 
| SCOTT的老板是JONES | 
| KING的老板是他自己 | 
| TURNER的老板是BLAKE | 
| ADAMS的老板是SCOTT | 
| JAMES的老板是BLAKE | 
| FORD的老板是JONES | 
| MILLER的老板是CLARK | 
+————————————————————————+
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