Tkinter Tutorial Canvas Chapter (4)

''''Tkinter Tutorial Canvas Chapter (4)'''


'''22. Draw an arc'''


# -*- coding: cp936 -*-


# Create an ARC

from Tkinter import *
root = Tk()

# Create a Canvas and set its background color to white

cv = Canvas(root,bg = 'white')
cv.create_arc((10,10,110,110),)
cv.pack()
root.mainloop()

# Create an ARC using default parameters, the result is a 90-degree sector


'''23. Set the arc style'''


# -*- coding: cp936 -*-


# Create create_arc.

from Tkinter import *
root = Tk()

# Create a Canvas , set its background color to white

cv = Canvas(root,bg = 'white')
d = {1:PIESLICE,2:CHORD,3:ARC}
for i in d:
cv.create_arc((10,10 + 60*i,110,110 + 60*i),style = d[i])
print i,d[i],
cv.pack()
root.mainloop()

# Use three styles to create fan, bow and arc shapes respectively


'''24. Set the angle of the arc'''


# -*- coding: cp936 -*-


# Use start/extent to specify the starting angle Create a Canvas with the offset angle

from Tkinter import *
root = Tk()

# and set its background color to white

cv = Canvas(root,bg = 'white')
d = {1:PIESLICE,2:CHORD,3:ARC}
for i in d:
cv.create_arc(
(10,10 + 60*i,110,110 + 60*i),

style = d [i], #Specify style


start = 30, #Specify starting angle


extent = 30 #Specify angle offset


)


cv.pack()


root.mainloop()


# Use three styles, start specifies the start Angle; extent specifies angle offset


'''25. Draw bitmap'''


# -*- coding: cp936 -*-


# Use bitmap to create a bitmap create_bitmap


from Tkinter import *


root = Tk()


# Create A Canvas, set its background color to white

cv = Canvas(root,bg = 'white')
d = {1:'error',2:'info',3:'question',4:'hourglass'}
for i in d:
cv.create_bitmap((20*i,20*i),bitmap = d[i])
cv.pack()
root.mainloop()

# Use the bitmap attribute to specify the name of the bitmap. The first parameter of this function is a point (x, y ) specifies the upper left position of the bitmap storage location.


'''26. Draw GIF image'''


# -*- coding: cp936 -*-


# Create gif image create_image


from Tkinter import *


root = Tk()


# Create a Canvas and set its background color to white

cv = Canvas(root,bg = 'white')
img = PhotoImage(file = 'c:/python.gif')
cv.create_image((150,150),image = img)
cv.pack()
root.mainloop()

# First use PhotoImage to create a GIF image, and then set the image attribute to the newly created img


'''27. Draw Line'''


# -*- coding: cp936 -*-


# Create a straight line with an arrow create_line


from Tkinter import *


root = Tk()


# Create a Canvas and set its background color to white

cv = Canvas(root,bg = 'white')
d = [(0,'none'),(1,'first'),(2,'last'),(3,'both')]
for i in d:
cv.create_line(
(10,10 + i[0]*20,110,110+ i[0] * 20), # 设置直线的起始、终点
arrow = i[1], # 设置直线是否使用箭头
arrowshape = '40 40 10' # 设置箭头的形状(填充长度，箭头长度，箭头宽度
)
cv.pack()
root.mainloop()

# Use the arrow attribute to control whether to display arrows


'''28. The joinstyle attribute of a straight line'''


# -*- coding: cp936 -* -


# Create a straight line, use the joinstyle attribute


from Tkinter import *


root = Tk()


# Create a Canvas and set its background color to white

cv = Canvas(root,bg = 'white')
d = [(0,'none','bevel'),(1,'first','miter'),(2,'last','round'),(3,'both','round')]
for i in d:
cv.create_line(
(10,10 + i[0]*20,110,110+ i[0] * 20), # 设置直线的起始、终点
arrow = i[1], # 设置直线是否使用箭头
arrowshape = '8 10 3', # 设置箭头的形状(填充长度，箭头长度，箭头宽度
joinstyle = i[2],
)
cv.pack()
root.mainloop()

# Set the joinstyle attribute of the straight line to bevel/miter/round respectively, and test it Effect.


'''29. Draw an ellipse'''


# -*- coding: cp936 -*-


# Draw an ellipse , use the create_oval attribute


from Tkinter import *


root = Tk()


# to create a Canvas and set its background color to White


cv = Canvas(root,bg = 'white')


# Create an ellipse with a length of 200 and a width of 100

cv.create_oval((10,10,210,110),fill = 'red')
cv.pack()
root.mainloop()

# specifies the length and width of the ellipse, a circle is a special case where the length and width are equal.


'''30. Create a polygon'''


# -*- coding: cp936 -*-


# Create a polygon (Triangle)


from Tkinter import *


root = Tk()


# Draw a Canvas and set its background color to white


cv = Canvas(root,bg = 'white')


# Create a right triangle

cv.create_polygon((10,10,10,200,100,200),fill = 'red')
cv.pack()
root.mainloop()

# Specify the coordinates of three points. The coordinates of the three points must meet the definition of a triangle.


'''31. Modify graphics'''


# -*- coding: cp936 -*-


# Create polygons create_ploygon (triangle)


from Tkinter import *


root = Tk()


# Create a Canvas and set its background color to White


cv = Canvas(root,bg = 'white')


# Create a right triangle

cv.create_polygon((10,10,10,200,100,200),
#smooth = True, # 平滑处理，但未找到控制此参数的项
splinesteps = 0, # 不明白是控制什么的？？？
)
cv.pack()
root.mainloop()

# Smooth/splinesteps is used to modify the drawn graphics. I don’t know what other functions these two parameters have.


'''32. Draw text'''


# -*- coding: cp936 -*-


# Use text create_text

from Tkinter import *
root = Tk()

# Create a Canvas and set its background color to white


cv = Canvas(root,bg = 'white')


# Create a text object, the default setting is center alignment

cv.create_text((10,10),text = 'Hello Text',
anchor = W
)
cv.pack()
root.mainloop()

# Use anchor to control the position of the text, and use justify to control the alignment


'''33. Select text'''


# -*- coding: cp936 -*-


# Use text create_text

from Tkinter import *
root = Tk()

# 创建一个Canvas，设置其背景色为白色


cv = Canvas(root,bg = 'white')


# 创建一个文字对象，默认设置为居中对齐

txt = cv.create_text((10,10),text = 'Hello Text',
anchor = W
)

# 设置文本的选中起始位置


cv.select_from(txt,2)


# 设置文本的选中结束位置

cv.select_to(txt,5)
cv.pack()
root.mainloop()

# 使用anchor控制文字的位置，使用justify控制对齐方式


'''34.创建组件'''


# -*- coding: cp936 -*-


# 使用子组件create_window

from Tkinter import *
root = Tk()

# 创建一个Canvas，设置其背景色为白色


cv = Canvas(root,bg = 'white')


# 创建一个Button对象，默认设置为居中对齐

def printWindow():
print 'window'
bt = Button(cv,text = 'ClickMe',command = printWindow)

#修改button在canvas上的对齐方式


cv.create_window((10,10),window = bt,anchor = W)


# 新创建的line对象与button有重叠


cv.create_line(10,10,20,20)


# 新创建的line不在button之上，即没有重叠

cv.create_line(30,30,100,100)
cv.pack()
root.mainloop()

# 使用anchor组件在Canvas上的位置，默认情况下为居中对齐,这样使用后其它的item将不能再使用button战胜的那块区域

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