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Introduction to two methods of parsing HTML under C#

高洛峰
Release: 2017-01-13 17:21:54
Original
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在搜索引擎的开发中,我们需要对Html进行解析。本文介绍C#解析HTML的两种方法。
AD: 
在搜索引擎的开发中,我们需要对网页的Html内容进行检索,难免的就需要对Html进行解析。拆分每一个节点并且获取节点间的内容。此文介绍两种C#解析Html的方法。

C#解析Html的第一种方法:
用System.Net.WebClient下载Web Page存到本地文件或者String中,用正则表达式来分析。这个方法可以用在Web Crawler等需要分析很多Web Page的应用中。
估计这也是大家最直接,最容易想到的一个方法。
转自网上的一个实例:所有的href都抽取出来:

using System; 
using System.Net; 
using System.Text; 
using System.Text.RegularExpressions; 
namespace HttpGet 
{ 
class Class1 
{ 
[STAThread] 
static void Main(string[] args) 
{ 
System.Net.WebClient client = new WebClient(); 
byte[] page = client.DownloadData("http://www.google.com"); 
string content = System.Text.Encoding.UTF8.GetString(page); 
string regex = "href=[\\\"\\\'](http:\\/\\/|\\.\\/|\\/)?\\w+(\\.\\w+)*(\\/\\w+(\\.\\w+)?)*(\\/|\\?\\w*=\\w*(&\\w*=\\w*)*)?[\\\"\\\']"; 
Regex re = new Regex(regex); 
MatchCollection matches = re.Matches(content);
System.Collections.IEnumerator enu = matches.GetEnumerator(); 
while (enu.MoveNext() && enu.Current != null) 
{ 
Match match = (Match)(enu.Current); 
Console.Write(match.Value + "\r\n"); 
} 
} 
} 
}
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C#解析Html的第二种方法:
利用Winista.Htmlparser.Net 解析Html。这是.NET平台下解析Html的开源代码,网上有源码下载,百度一下就能搜到,这里就不提供了。并且有英文的帮助文档。找不到的留下邮箱。

个人认为这是.net平台下解析html不错的解决方案,基本上能够满足我们对html的解析工作。
自己做了个实例:

using System; 
using System.Collections.Generic; 
using System.ComponentModel; 
using System.Data; 
using System.Drawing; 
using System.Linq; 
using System.Text; 
using System.Windows.Forms; 
using Winista.Text.HtmlParser; 
using Winista.Text.HtmlParser.Lex; 
using Winista.Text.HtmlParser.Util; 
using Winista.Text.HtmlParser.Tags; 
using Winista.Text.HtmlParser.Filters;

namespace HTMLParser 
{ 
public partial class Form1 : Form 
{ 
public Form1() 
{ 
InitializeComponent(); 
AddUrl(); 
}
private void btnParser_Click(object sender, EventArgs e) 
{ 
#region 获得网页的html 
try 
{
txtHtmlWhole.Text = ""; 
string url = CBUrl.SelectedItem.ToString().Trim(); 
System.Net.WebClient aWebClient = new System.Net.WebClient(); 
aWebClient.Encoding = System.Text.Encoding.Default; 
string html = aWebClient.DownloadString(url); 
txtHtmlWhole.Text = html; 
} 
catch (Exception ex) 
{ 
MessageBox.Show(ex.Message); 
} 
#endregion
#region 分析网页html节点 
Lexer lexer = new Lexer(this.txtHtmlWhole.Text); 
Parser parser = new Parser(lexer); 
NodeList htmlNodes = parser.Parse(null); 
this.treeView1.Nodes.Clear(); 
this.treeView1.Nodes.Add("root"); 
TreeNode treeRoot = this.treeView1.Nodes[0]; 
for (int i = 0; i < htmlNodes.Count; i++) 
{ 
this.RecursionHtmlNode(treeRoot, htmlNodes[i], false); 
}
#endregion
}
private void RecursionHtmlNode(TreeNode treeNode, INode htmlNode, bool siblingRequired) 
{ 
if (htmlNode == null || treeNode == null) return;
TreeNode current = treeNode; 
TreeNode content ; 
//current node 
if (htmlNode is ITag) 
{ 
ITag tag = (htmlNode as ITag); 
if (!tag.IsEndTag()) 
{ 
string nodeString = tag.TagName; 
if (tag.Attributes != null && tag.Attributes.Count > 0) 
{ 
if (tag.Attributes["ID"] != null) 
{ 
nodeString = nodeString + " { id=\"" + tag.Attributes["ID"].ToString() + "\" }"; 
} 
if (tag.Attributes["HREF"] != null) 
{ 
nodeString = nodeString + " { href=\"" + tag.Attributes["HREF"].ToString() + "\" }"; 
} 
}
current = new TreeNode(nodeString); 
treeNode.Nodes.Add(current); 
} 
} 
//获取节点间的内容 
if (htmlNode.Children != null && htmlNode.Children.Count > 0) 
{ 
this.RecursionHtmlNode(current, htmlNode.FirstChild, true); 
content = new TreeNode(htmlNode.FirstChild.GetText()); 
treeNode.Nodes.Add(content); 
} 
//the sibling nodes 
if (siblingRequired) 
{ 
INode sibling = htmlNode.NextSibling; 
while (sibling != null) 
{ 
this.RecursionHtmlNode(treeNode, sibling, false); 
sibling = sibling.NextSibling; 
} 
} 
} 
private void AddUrl() 
{ 
CBUrl.Items.Add("http://www.hao123.com"); 
CBUrl.Items.Add("http://www.sina.com"); 
CBUrl.Items.Add("http://www.heuet.edu.cn"); 
} 
} 
}
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运行效果:

Introduction to two methods of parsing HTML under C#

实现取来很容易,结合Winista.Htmlparser源码很快就可以实现想要的效果。

小结:
简单介绍了两种C#解析Html的的方法,大家有什么其他好的方法还望指教。

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