How to Amend the Previous Git Commit Message
To amend the most recent commit message, use git commit --amend -m "Your new commit message" if the commit hasn’t been pushed; this rewrites the local commit history with the new message. 2. To edit the message in your default editor, run git commit --amend without the -m flag, allowing you to modify the existing message interactively. 3. If the commit was already pushed, use git push --force-with-lease origin your-branch-name to safely update the remote branch, as --force-with-lease prevents overwriting others’ changes. 4. If new commits exist after the one to amend, use git rebase -i HEAD~n, mark the desired commit with reword, edit the message when prompted, then run git rebase --continue and force-push as needed; this method ensures proper history editing while minimizing risks on shared branches.
You can amend the previous Git commit message easily using the --amend option. This is useful if you made a typo, forgot to add details, or want to reword the message. Here’s how to do it.
1. Amend the Most Recent Commit Message
If the commit hasn't been pushed to a remote repository yet, run:
git commit --amend -m "Your new commit message"
This replaces the last commit with a new one that has your updated message. The change rewrites your commit history locally.
⚠️ Note: If you've already pushed the commit to a shared branch, rewriting it will change the commit hash. You’ll need to force-push afterward (see below), but avoid this on shared branches unless necessary.
2. Edit the Message in Your Default Editor
If you don’t specify -m, Git opens your default text editor to let you modify the existing message:
git commit --amend
This is helpful when you want to keep most of the original message and only tweak parts of it.
3. After Amending: Pushing to Remote
If you’ve already pushed the original commit, you’ll need to force-push the amended version:
git push --force-with-lease origin your-branch-name
✅ --force-with-lease is safer than --force because it checks that no one else has pushed changes you don’t have.
? Avoid force-pushing on shared branches (like main or develop) if others are working on them—coordinate first.
4. What If You’ve Made New Commits Already?
If you’ve added new commits after the one you want to fix, --amend won’t work directly. Instead:
- Use
git rebase -i HEAD~n(wherenis the number of recent commits to include). - Mark the commit you want to edit with
reword. - Save and exit—Git will pause so you can change the message.
- After editing, continue with:
git rebase --continue. - Then force-push as needed.
Basically, git commit --amend is quick and clean for fixing the latest message—just be careful with shared history.
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