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What are the key properties for controlling an animation (animation-name, duration, iteration-count, etc.)?
What are the key properties for controlling an animation (animation-name, duration, iteration-count, etc.)?
The key attributes of CSS animation include animation-name specifying the @keyframes name, animation-duration defines the single time duration, animation-iteration-count controls the number of playbacks, and in addition, you need to master the animation-timing-function to adjust the speed curve, animation-delay sets the delay, animation-direction determines the direction, animation-fill-mode defines the front and back styles, and finally all settings can be integrated through the animation abbreviation attributes.
When you're working with CSS animations, the key properties that give you control are animation-name , animation-duration , and animation-iteration-count — but there are a few others you'll want to know to really get things under your control.
1. animation-name – Choosing Which Animation to Run
This one tells the browser which @keyframes block to use. If you don't set it, nothing animates. You just reference the name you gave your @keyframes .
Example:
.my-element {
animation-name: slide-in;
}
@keyframes slide-in {
from { transform: translateX(-100%); }
to { transform: translateX(0); }
}You can also list multiple animations by separating them with commas if you want more than one to play on the same element.
2. animation-duration – How Long It Takes
This is how long one cycle of the animation lasts, in seconds or million seconds. Without this, the default is 0s , meaning no visible animation.
Basic usage:
animation-duration: 2s;
If you have multiple animations, you can assign each one a different duration:
animation-name: fade, spin; animation-duration: 1s, 2s;
3. animation-iteration-count – How Many Times It Plays
Controls how many times the animation runs. The default is 1 . If you want it to loop forever, use infinite .
Examples:
animation-iteration-count: 3; /* plays three times */ animation-iteration-count: infinite; /* loops forever */
This is especially useful for loading indicators or background effects that need to keep running.
4. Additional Core Properties That Are Just as Important
These aren't always listed first, but they're essential:
- animation-timing-function – Controls the speed curve of the animation (like
ease-in,linear, etc.) - animation-delay – How long to wait before starting the animation
- animation-direction – Whether it should reverse, alternate, or just go forward (
normal,reverse,alternate) - animation-fill-mode – What styles are applied before/after the animation runs (
forwards,backwards, etc.)
Putting them all together:
animation: slide-in 2s ease-in-out 1s infinite alternate forwards;
Using the shortand animation property is usually easier once you get the hang of the individual ones.
So yeah, those main properties ( animation-name , duration , iteration-count ) are your foundation. But don't forget the others — they help fine-tune exactly how your animation behaves.
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