How to make a full-screen mobile navbar in Bootstrap?

To implement a full-screen mobile navigation bar in Bootstrap, you need to combine default components and custom styles; 1. Use the Bootstrap default navbar structure as the basis to build a responsive navigation bar; 2. Add a custom CSS style to make the menu cover the full screen and center the content when expanding; 3. You can automatically close the navigation bar after clicking the link through HTML attributes or JavaScript; 4. Pay attention to setting detailed optimizations such as z-index, padding-top, transition animation and scroll control to improve the experience.

Full-Screen Mobile Navbar is not complicated in Bootstrap, but it needs to be implemented in combination with default components and some custom styles. Bootstrap itself provides the infrastructure of a responsive navigation bar, but to achieve a "full screen" effect, additional CSS and JS are required.

1. Use Bootstrap default navbar structure

First, you need to build a standard responsive navbar using the classes and structures provided by Bootstrap. This part is the basis and the prerequisite for subsequent expansion.

 <nav class="navbar navbar-expand-lg navbar-light bg-light">
  <a class="navbar-brand" href="#">Logo</a>
  <button class="navbar-toggler" type="button" data-bs-toggle="collapse" data-bs-target="#fullscreenNavbar">
    <span class="navbar-toggler-icon"></span>
  </button>

  <div class="collapse navbar-collapse" id="fullscreenNavbar">
    <ul class="navbar-nav me-auto mb-2 mb-lg-0">
      <li class="nav-item"><a class="nav-link" href="#">Home</a></li>
      <li class="nav-item"><a class="nav-link" href="#">Service</a></li>
      <li class="nav-item"><a class="nav-link" href="#">About us</a></li>
    </ul>
  </div>
</nav>

This part of the code can already allow the navigation bar to collapse and display on a small screen, but it cannot fill the entire screen.

2. Add custom CSS to achieve full screen effect

In order for the navigation menu to occupy the entire screen when expanding, some extra styles need to be added to override the default .navbar-collapse behavior:

 @media (max-width: 991px) {
  .navbar-collapse {
    position: fixed;
    top: 0;
    left: 0;
    width: 100%;
    height: 100vh;
    background-color: white;
    z-index: 9999;
    padding-top: 56px; /* Adjust according to your navbar height*/
    display: flex;
    align-items: center;
    justify-content: center;
  }

  .navbar-nav {
    flex-direction: column;
    text-align: center;
    font-size: 1.5rem;
  }

  .nav-link {
    margin: 1rem 0;
  }
}

After setting this up, click the menu button on your mobile device, and the menu will cover the entire screen and center the link.

3. Optional: Click the menu item to automatically close the navigation bar

Some users may want to automatically close the menu after clicking a link instead of manually clicking back. You can do it in the following ways:

• Add data-bs-toggle="collapse" attribute to each .nav-link
• Or listen to click events through JavaScript and hide them manually

Sample HTML:

 <a class="nav-link" href="#" data-bs-toggle="collapse" data-bs-target="#fullscreenNavbar.show">Home</a>

Or write a simple JS:

 document.querySelectorAll('.nav-link').forEach(link => {
  link.addEventListener('click', () => {
    const bsCollapse = new bootstrap.Collapse(document.getElementById('fullscreenNavbar'), {
      toggle: false
    });
    bsCollapse.hide();
  });
});

4. Precautions and details optimization

• The z-index should be high enough to avoid being obscured by the page content.
• The value of padding-top should be set according to your actual navbar height, otherwise the top content will be blocked.
• If you want to add animation transitions, you can add transition: transform 0.3s ease; and other attributes to .navbar-collapse .
• When scrolling the page, it is best to make the body non-scrollable. You can dynamically add overflow:hidden to the body using JS.

Basically that's it. Although Bootstrap does not directly provide the components of "full-screen navigation", with a slight modification, it can realize the common mobile menu experience of modern websites.

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