Capitalize First Letter of Every Word on Keypress

This jQuery snippet capitalizes the first letter of each word in a string. It's useful for form inputs, preventing all-caps titles or text.

// Usage: Attaches to keyup event of all input fields
$("input").keyup(function() {
  toUpper(this);
});

// Function: Capitalizes the first letter of each word
function toUpper(obj) {
  let mystring = obj.value;
  let sp = mystring.split(' ');
  let word = [];
  for (let i = 0; i < sp.length; i++) {
    let f = sp[i].substring(0, 1).toUpperCase();
    let r = sp[i].substring(1).toLowerCase();
    word[i] = f + r;
  }
  let newstring = word.join(' ');
  obj.value = newstring;
  return true;
}

Frequently Asked Questions (FAQs) on JavaScript String Capitalization

Here are several approaches to capitalizing the first letter of a string or every word in a string using various JavaScript methods.

1. Capitalizing the First Letter with slice():

This concise method uses charAt(0) to get the first character, converts it to uppercase with toUpperCase(), and combines it with the rest of the string using slice(1).

function capitalizeFirstLetter(str) {
  return str.charAt(0).toUpperCase() + str.slice(1);
}

2. Capitalizing Every Word with split(), map(), and join():

This approach splits the string into words, capitalizes the first letter of each word using a map() function, and then joins them back together.

function capitalizeWords(str) {
  return str.split(' ').map(word => capitalizeFirstLetter(word)).join(' ');
}

3. toUpperCase() vs. toLocaleUpperCase():

While both convert to uppercase, toLocaleUpperCase() considers locale-specific rules, potentially differing from toUpperCase() for languages with unique capitalization rules (e.g., Turkish).

4. Capitalizing the First Letter without toUpperCase() (using ASCII):

This method leverages ASCII values. Lowercase letters (a-z) have ASCII values 97-122, uppercase (A-Z) 65-90. Subtracting 32 converts lowercase to uppercase.

function capitalizeFirstLetterASCII(str) {
  let firstLetter = str.charCodeAt(0);
  if (firstLetter >= 97 && firstLetter <= 122) {
    firstLetter -= 32;
  }
  return String.fromCharCode(firstLetter) + str.slice(1);
}

5. Capitalizing the First Letter with Regular Expressions:

Regular expressions offer a powerful, albeit potentially less readable, solution. ^(.) matches the first character.

function capitalizeFirstLetterRegex(str) {
  return str.replace(/^(.)/, (match) => match.toUpperCase());
}

6. Capitalizing the First Letter with substring():

Similar to slice(), substring() extracts a portion of the string.

function capitalizeFirstLetterSubstring(str) {
  return str.substring(0, 1).toUpperCase() + str.substring(1);
}

7. Capitalizing the First Letter with charAt():

This is functionally identical to the slice() example.

function capitalizeFirstLetterCharAt(str) {
  return str.charAt(0).toUpperCase() + str.slice(1);
}

8. Capitalizing the First Letter with split() (character-by-character):

This splits the string into individual characters, capitalizes the first, and rejoins. Less efficient than other methods.

function capitalizeFirstLetterSplit(str) {
  let arr = str.split('');
  arr[0] = arr[0].toUpperCase();
  return arr.join('');
}

9. Capitalizing the First Letter with replace():

This uses replace() to target and replace the first character.

function capitalizeFirstLetterReplace(str) {
  return str.replace(/^./, str[0].toUpperCase());
}

10. Capitalizing the First Letter with concat():

This concatenates the uppercase first character with the rest of the string.

// Usage: Attaches to keyup event of all input fields
$("input").keyup(function() {
  toUpper(this);
});

// Function: Capitalizes the first letter of each word
function toUpper(obj) {
  let mystring = obj.value;
  let sp = mystring.split(' ');
  let word = [];
  for (let i = 0; i < sp.length; i++) {
    let f = sp[i].substring(0, 1).toUpperCase();
    let r = sp[i].substring(1).toLowerCase();
    word[i] = f + r;
  }
  let newstring = word.join(' ');
  obj.value = newstring;
  return true;
}

All these methods achieve the same basic result, but their efficiency and readability may vary. The slice() and charAt() methods are generally preferred for their simplicity and efficiency when capitalizing only the first letter. For capitalizing all first letters of words, the split(), map(), and join() combination provides a clean and readable solution.

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