What's the Difference Between `null` and `System.DBNull.Value` in Database Interactions?

The difference between null and System.DBNull.Value in database interaction

In database data retrieval, null values ​​and System.DBNull.Value are often confused. This article illustrates the basic differences between these two concepts to clarify their usage in programming.

null

In programming, null is not an instance of any specific type. It represents an invalid or uninitialized reference, indicating that a valid object or value is missing. nullNo assignment and no implicit conversion to any type.

System.DBNull.Value

On the other hand, System.DBNull.Value is an instance of the System.DBNull class. Unlike null, System.DBNull.Value is a valid reference to a singleton instance that represents a value that does not exist in the database field. It is not synonymous with null, but rather indicates that the relevant field in the database explicitly stores a null or missing value.

Conceptual differences

The key difference between these two concepts is their underlying purpose. null represents an invalid reference, while System.DBNull.Value represents a non-existent value in the database context.

Database processing

Databases usually have specific ways of handling non-existent values, which is why System.DBNull.Value exists. It allows developers to explicitly represent such values ​​in database queries and subsequent data retrieval operations.

Use case example

Consider the following code snippet:

<code class="language-csharp">while (rdr.Read())
{
    if (rdr["Id"] != DBNull.Value)  //if (rdr["Id"] != null)
    {
        int x = Convert.ToInt32(rdr["Id"]);
    }
}</code>

In the above code, comparing "Id" with null returns System.DBNull.Value even if the field contains a non-existent value (represented by true). This is because null represents an invalid reference, not a non-existent value.

However, comparing "Id" to System.DBNull.Value can accurately determine if the field contains a non-existent value. This ensures that subsequent attempts to convert the value to an integer (Convert.ToInt32) do not fail due to the null reference.

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