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Why Does My Java PreparedStatement Throw 'Parameter index out of range'?

Mary-Kate Olsen
Release: 2024-12-25 21:31:09
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Why Does My Java PreparedStatement Throw

Error: "java.sql.SQLException: Parameter index out of range (1 > number of parameters, which is 0)"

Issue

You encounter the error while attempting to insert data into a database, accompanied by the message "java.sql.SQLException: Parameter index out of range (1 > number of parameters, which is 0)".

Cause

This error occurs when you call setXxx() methods on a PreparedStatement without specifying placeholders (?) in the SQL query. For instance:

String sql = "INSERT INTO tablename (col1, col2, col3) VALUES (val1, val2, val3)";
PreparedStatement preparedStatement = connection.prepareStatement(sql);
preparedStatement.setString(1, val1); // Error occurs here
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Solution

To resolve this issue, include placeholders in the SQL query:

String sql = "INSERT INTO tablename (col1, col2, col3) VALUES (?, ?, ?)";
PreparedStatement preparedStatement = connection.prepareStatement(sql);
preparedStatement.setString(1, val1);
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Note that parameter indices start from 1, and there's no need to quote placeholders in the SQL string. Doing so will result in the same error.

Additional Resources

  • [JDBC Tutorial - Prepared Statements](https://docs.oracle.com/javase/tutorial/jdbc/basics/prepared.html)

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