How to Ensure UTF-8 Support Throughout Your New Linux Web Server?

Ensuring "UTF-8 All the Way Through" for a New Linux Server

When setting up a new server to fully support UTF-8 in a web application, it's crucial to configure the necessary settings in Apache, MySQL, and PHP. A detailed checklist can help ensure a comprehensive implementation:

Data Storage in MySQL:

• Specify the 'utf8mb4' character set on all tables and text columns to store values in native UTF-8 encoding.
• Ensure that MySQL is using utf8mb4_ or other utf8mb4_* collations for automatic UTF-8 encoding.

Data Access in PHP:

• Set the connection charset to 'utf8mb4' in the application's database connection method.
• Utilize the native connection character set configuration mechanisms provided by database drivers (e.g., PDO, mysqli).

Output Encoding:

• Include 'Content-Type: text/html; charset=utf-8' in the HTTP header to specify the output encoding.
• Use the JSON_UNESCAPED_UNICODE parameter with json_encode() to encode output strings as UTF-8.

Input Handling:

• Use PHP's mb_check_encoding() function to verify the UTF-8 validity of received strings.
• Ensure that all files served (PHP, HTML, etc.) are encoded in valid UTF-8.

Other Considerations for Code:

• Utilize the mbstring extension for безопасные UTF-8 operations.
• Familiarize oneself with UTF-8 encoding principles to avoid potential issues.

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