How to Fix 'Attempted Relative Import in Non-package' Errors in Python?

Resolving "Attempted Relative Import in Non-Package" Error with __init__.py

Importing modules with relative paths can lead to challenges when working with the Python package structure. One such issue is the "Attempted relative import in non-package" error faced while attempting to import modules across package directories, despite the presence of __init__.py files.

To understand the root cause, it's crucial to grasp how Python's import mechanism operates. Imports are generally executed relative to the name of the current file. However, when executing a file directly, it assumes the "__main__" name instead of its usual name. This peculiarity disrupts relative imports, resulting in the aforementioned error.

Instead of running the code directly, consider using the -m option, which allows you to treat a module as a script and assigns it the appropriate name. For instance, to execute core_test.py using this method, enter the following command:

python -m pkg.tests.core_test

Alternatively, you can specify the package name within the module itself by utilizing the package attribute. This technique ensures that relative imports function correctly even when the file is run directly as a script. Refer to Python Enhancement Proposal 366 (PEP-366) for further details on this approach.

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