How Can I Correctly Nest Ternary Operators in PHP to Avoid Unexpected Results?

Nesting Ternary Operators in PHP for Complex Conditional Statements

In PHP, stacking multiple ternary operators can simplify conditional statements, especially when dealing with nested conditions. However, it's crucial to understand the mechanics to avoid misinterpretation.

Consider the following code snippet:

$Myprovince = (($province == 6) ? "city-1" : ($province == 7) ? "city-2" : ($province == 8) ? "city-3" : ($province == 30) ? "city-4" : "out of borders");

The intention of this code is to assign a city name to $Myprovince based on the value of $province. Yet, despite assigning different province values, it consistently returns "city-4."

To address this issue, parenthesis are essential:

$province = 7;
$Myprovince = (($province == 6) ? "city-1" : (($province == 7) ? "city-2" : (($province == 8) ? "city-3" : (($province == 30) ? "city-4" : "out of borders"))));

The parenthesis ensure that the conditions are evaluated in order, preventing the subsequent conditions from being applied prematurely. By enclosing each ternary operator in parentheses, the code prioritizes the correct evaluation of the nested conditions.

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