How can I perform Base64 encoding and decoding in JavaScript, considering different browser support and server-side environments?

// Base64 encoding
function encodeBase64(str) {
  var b64 = 'ABCDEFGHIJKLMNOPQRSTUVWXYZabcdefghijklmnopqrstuvwxyz0123456789+/=';
  var o1, o2, o3, h1, h2, h3, h4, bits, i = 0, ac = 0, enc = '';
  while (i < str.length) {
    o1 = str.charCodeAt(i);
    i++;
    if (i < str.length) {
      o2 = str.charCodeAt(i);
      i++;
      if (i < str.length) {
        o3 = str.charCodeAt(i);
        i++;
        bits = o1 << 16 | o2 << 8 | o3;
      } else {
        bits = o1 << 16 | o2 << 8;
      }
    } else {
      bits = o1 << 16;
    }
    h1 = bits >> 18 & 0x3f;
    h2 = bits >> 12 & 0x3f;
    h3 = bits >> 6 & 0x3f;
    h4 = bits & 0x3f;
    enc += b64.charAt(h1) + b64.charAt(h2) + b64.charAt(h3) + b64.charAt(h4);
  }
  if (ac >= 1) {
    enc += b64.charAt(h1) + b64.charAt(h2) + '=';
  }
  if (ac >= 2) {
    enc += b64.charAt(h1) + '=';
  }
  return enc;
}

// Base64 decoding
function decodeBase64(str) {
  var b64 = 'ABCDEFGHIJKLMNOPQRSTUVWXYZabcdefghijklmnopqrstuvwxyz0123456789+/=';
  var o1, o2, o3, h1, h2, h3, h4, bits, i = 0, ac = 0, dec = '';
  while (i < str.length) {
    h1 = b64.indexOf(str.charAt(i));
    i++;
    h2 = b64.indexOf(str.charAt(i));
    i++;
    h3 = b64.indexOf(str.charAt(i));
    i++;
    h4 = b64.indexOf(str.charAt(i));
    i++;
    bits = h1 << 18 | h2 << 12 | h3 << 6 | h4;
    o1 = bits >> 16 & 0xff;
    o2 = bits >> 8 & 0xff;
    o3 = bits & 0xff;
    dec += String.fromCharCode(o1);
    if (ac >= 1) {
      dec += String.fromCharCode(o2);
    }
    if (ac >= 2) {
      dec += String.fromCharCode(o3);
    }
  }
  return dec;
}