How to Create SEO-Friendly URL Slugs from Unicode Strings in PHP?

Generate URL-Friendly Slugs from Unicode Strings in PHP

Creating slugs from Unicode strings is crucial for generating SEO-friendly URLs. In PHP, a slugification function can be implemented to convert strings like "Andrés Cortez" to "andres-cortez."

To achieve this, consider using a more efficient approach compared to repetitive replacements. The following function provides a solution:

public static function slugify($text, string $divider = '-')
{
  // Replace non-letter or digits with the specified divider
  $text = preg_replace('~[^\pL\d]+~u', $divider, $text);

  // Transliterate to US-ASCII
  $text = iconv('utf-8', 'us-ascii//TRANSLIT', $text);

  // Remove unwanted characters
  $text = preg_replace('~[^-\w]+~', '', $text);

  // Trim and remove duplicate dividers
  $text = trim($text, $divider);
  $text = preg_replace('~-+~', $divider, $text);

  // Convert to lowercase
  $text = strtolower($text);

  // Default to 'n-a' if the slug is empty
  if (empty($text)) {
    return 'n-a';
  }

  return $text;
}

This function follows a structured approach:

• Non-letter or digit characters are replaced with the specified divider.
• Unicode characters are transliterated to US-ASCII for compatibility.
• Unwanted characters are removed, such as spaces and special characters.
• Leading and trailing dividers are trimmed, and duplicate dividers are eliminated.
• The slug is converted to lowercase.
• An empty slug defaults to 'n-a' to avoid empty URLs.

By utilizing this efficient slugification function, you can effortlessly generate URL-friendly slugs from Unicode strings in your PHP applications.

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