How to Properly Download Images Using Python's `requests` Module?

Downloading Images with Python's requests Module

When attempting to download an image from the internet using Python's requests module, you may encounter issues with the code compared to using urllib2's urlopen method. This article addresses these challenges and provides solutions.

Original Code for Reference

img = urllib2.urlopen(settings.STATICMAP_URL.format(**data))
with open(path, 'w') as f:
    f.write(img.read())

New Code for Reference

r = requests.get(settings.STATICMAP_URL.format(**data))
if r.status_code == 200:
    img = r.raw.read()
    with open(path, 'w') as f:
        f.write(img)

Problem

The issue arises when using requests because the attribute from the response that contains the image data is different from that of urlopen in urllib2.

Solution

To retrieve the image data from the requests response, there are two options:

1. Using the response.raw file object: This method requires setting decode_content to True and then streaming the data to a file object:

r = requests.get(settings.STATICMAP_URL.format(**data), stream=True)
if r.status_code == 200:
    with open(path, 'wb') as f:
        r.raw.decode_content = True
        shutil.copyfileobj(r.raw, f)        

2. Iterating over the response: This method ensures that requests decodes the data during iteration:

r = requests.get(settings.STATICMAP_URL.format(**data), stream=True)
if r.status_code == 200:
    with open(path, 'wb') as f:
        for chunk in r:
            f.write(chunk)

By setting stream=True in the requests call, it prevents downloading the entire image into memory at once. The file should be opened in binary mode to avoid errors.

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