Why Aren't My Newline Characters Showing Correctly in My PHP Output?

Creating Newline Characters in PHP

In PHP, understanding the nuances of creating a newline character is crucial for formatting and readability. To address a common issue faced by users, let's explore why newline characters might not be rendering as expected in certain scenarios.

The program below attempts to create a newline character using the 'rn' escape sequence:

echo $clientid;
echo ' ';
echo $lastname;
echo ' ';
echo '\r\n';

However, when the created file is opened in Notepad, the newline character is displayed literally as "rn." To resolve this issue, it's important to note that only double-quoted strings interpret the 'r' and 'n' escape sequences as '0x0D' and '0x0A' respectively. Therefore, to ensure proper newline creation, you should use the following code:

"\r\n"

Alternatively, you can concatenate single-quoted strings with a line break generated elsewhere using double-quoted strings or the chr function (e.g., chr(0x0D).chr(0x0A)). Additionally, you can manually type line breaks into single-quoted strings directly.

Lastly, it's essential to verify the line break settings in your editor to ensure they correspond to your intended character sequence.

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